【作者】 杜超；

【导师】 李昕；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 防灾减灾工程及防护工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会经济的发展,人们对能源的需求不断扩大,海洋石油资源逐步成为新的能源增长点。海洋石油平台作为实现海上能源开发的最有效工具之一,寻求其结构的安全适用性和最佳经济效益,一直是设计、使用、检测和维护中特别关注的问题。基于可靠度的思想进行结构设计和评价是近几十年来结构工程中的一大进步。目前,结构构件可靠性理论已经发展得很成熟,并成功的应用于工程领域。然而对于一个复杂的结构系统,仅仅用构件的可靠度来评价整个结构体系的可靠性状态显然是不够科学的,如何对结构体系进行可靠度分析成为近年来可靠度研究的一个热点。系统可靠性理论,是20世纪80年代前后发展起来的一门新兴科学。主要以概率论、随机过程论、决策论、博弈论、组合数学和近代数理统计方法为基础,通过有限元、边界元法和随机网络分析技术为计算手段,二十多年来,经过大量科研工作者的辛勤努力,使得系统可靠性理论取得了令人瞩目的成绩,相继提出了多种理论方法。寻求结构体系的主要失效模式与计算体系的失效概率是可靠度研究的两大难点,这使得系统可靠性理论的应用受到很大局限。本文学习、总结了前人在系统可靠性方面的理论成果,以导管架平台为研究对象,首先运用一次二阶矩法,在不同荷载工况作用下,考察结构构件的可靠性,找出结构的最薄弱环节,而后运用系统可靠性评价方法:β—分支法和分枝—约界法对标准导管架海洋平台和简易导管架海洋平台的系统可靠性做出评价,通过分析与比对,验证了两种方法的高效性与准确性。从而找出两种方法各自的优点、缺点,为系统可靠性理论在海洋石油平台系统可靠性分析方面的应用提供了参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of social economy, people have expanded unceasingly to the energy.Gradually, the sea petroleum becomes the new growth point of energy. The ocean platform is one of the most effective tool for exploitating energy,how to make it safty in structure and reasonable in economy is a matter of seriously concerned in desige,using, examination and maintenance. It’s a great advance to design and evaluate engineering based on the reliability theory. At present, the component reliability theories has already developed maturity,and also applied to actual project. However, it’s obviously unscientific to estimate a complex structure system useing component reliability theories merely,the ansys of system reliability is becoming a hotspot in recent years. The system reliability theory is an jumped-up science,developed around the 1980s, whose theory mainly based on probability theory,random process theory,decision theory,gambling theory,combinatorics and mathematical statistics, and take the finite element method,boundary element method and network analysis technology as the computation methods. For about 20 years,lots of boffins have do their best in the field,the system reliability theory has made a prominently progress,and produced many theories and methods one after another. Searching the structure system failure modes and computing system failure probability is the difficult problems of reliability index research,they are limiting factors for the system reliability theories to be used. This treatise has studied and made a summary of theory achievement on system reliablility,taking the jacket platform as the research object,Firstly to examine the component reliability with First-Order Second-Moment method in different load cases and to find out the most weakness part,then to evaluate the reliability of the standard jacket platform and the light jacket platform, using β -Unzipping and Branch-and-Bound Method . By analysis and contrast with each other,to prove it’s effective and precise.Consequently to find out their merit and shortage, and provide the reference for applying the system reliability theory in the field of shallow ocean jacket platforms.更多还原