【作者】 孙宁；

【导师】 李昕；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 防灾减灾工程及防护工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着海上石油的大量开发,滩海储油罐平台广泛应用于近海石油开发。由于所处的复杂的海洋环境,储油罐平台承受各种动力荷载作用,如风、波浪力、冰、地震等等。油罐在冰、波浪和地震作用下的动力响应对整体结构有很大影响,使储油罐平台的动力特性与一般导管架平台不同。储油平台一旦遭受地震等荷载破坏,罐体很容易损坏泄漏,导致毁灭性的次生灾害。鉴于地震以及其他动力载荷对储油平台造成的潜在威胁性,以及储油罐平台动力响应的特殊性,对储油罐平台的抗震分析研究工作是十分重要和有意义的。 本文首先通过理论计算研究了储油罐平台在各种动力荷载作用下的动力特性。根据储油罐内液深的不同采用简化分析方法,分别建立了五种结构体系的有限元模型,并求得了它们的频率和振型。在此基础上,计算了不同液深的结构在不同的动力荷载作用下的动力反应(结构的位移和应力),得出了,结构在各种动力荷载作用下,储油罐内液深为最大允许液面高度时,有最大的动力反应,即结构的最大反应高度是液面的最大允许高度。地震对于结构的影响远大于动冰和波浪力对于结构的作用。 然后,采用模型试验的方法研究TLD对滩海储油罐平台减震的影响。先对圆柱形容器中液体在外力激励下的晃动力、波高和水压力的变化特点进行了研究,为TLD的进一步研究作准备。然后介绍了TLD减震模型试验的设计,最后给出了试验模型在拟合人工波、天津和EL-centro波激励下结构的动力响应的数据,验证了储油罐平台采用TLD减震的可行性。 最后通过理论计算证明了根据满罐情况下的结构体系设置的TLD的减震效果。通过对设置TLD的结构在拟合人工波、天津波、动冰、随机波浪力这些动力荷载的作用下的计算,得出TLD对于减少地震荷载导致的结构震动是有效的,对于动冰和随机波浪力没有负面的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Offshore platform with storage tank is widely used in offshore oil exploitation. Variously complex accidental loads such as earthquake, wave, wind, ice and so on acted on the platform. Because the storage tank effects on the structure excited by earthquake, wave, ice, the dynamical peculiarity of the offshore platform with storage tank is different from the common platform. If the earthquake destroys the platform with oil storage tank, it will damage the tank and leak the oil then cause the awful hypo-disaster. Therefore, it is very important for the platforms to decrease the vibration due to the environmental loads.Firstly, the dynamical peculiarity of the platform under various dynamical loads is studied through theoretical calculation. Five-structure systems are based on the different liquid depths of the storage tank by ANSYS and calculated the frequencies and mode shapes. Then the dynamic response (the structural displacement and stress) of the different structure systems due to some kinds of dynamical loads are calculated. The conclusion is that the biggest response depth in the five-structure systems is the full tank of the storage tank. At the same time, the influence of the structure under seismic wave is much bigger than the one under the random wave and dynamical ice force.Secondly, the shock-absorption influence on the offshore platform with storage tank used as TLD is investigated through model test. The change characteristic of the oscillation force, wave-high and hydraulic pressure of the liquid in the columned container is studied. Then the design of the model test is introduced. At length the dynamical response data of the model excited by the artificial seismic wave, TJ seismic wave, the dynamical ice and random wave force is supplied, and it proves the feasibility to the platform with TLD. The experiment confirms that storage tanks used as tuned liquid damper are effective and feasible on shock absorption.Lastly, the shock-absorption effect of the structure system with TLD designed on the full tank is proved through the theoretical analysis. The structure with TLD under the artificial seismic wave, TJ seismic wave, the dynamical ice force and the random wave is analyzed. The conclusion is that TLD is effective on the shock absorption by the seismic wave, and not reverse to the structure shock by the dynamical ice and random wave force.更多还原