【作者】 陈欢；

【导师】 陈昌和；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 热能工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 利用燃煤烟气脱硫废弃物改良碱化土壤,不仅可以解决脱硫灰渣的处置问题,促进燃煤烟气脱硫技术的推广应用,而且可以改良大面积的碱化土壤,使之适合农作物的种植,促进中国农业的发展。清华大学与内蒙古农业大学合作,在内蒙古托克托县伍什家乡毡匠营村建立了 40 亩利用燃煤烟气脱硫废弃物改良碱化土壤的示范区,并于 2001-2003 年在示范区进行了改良试验。本论文以可持续发展、生态经济学、区域经济学、系统理论等为研究基础,结合土壤改良项目的特点,建立起碱化土壤改良示范区的综合效益评价指标体系,该指标体系由三个一级指标构成,即生态环境效益指标、技术经济效益指标和社会效益指标,每个一级指标又各包含三个二级指标,即最能反映其内涵的指标。本论文分别针对生态环境、技术经济和社会评价进行了详细论述。在综合效益评价的过程中,采用层次分析法确定综合效益评价的指标权重,采用多层次模糊综合评价法对选取的 9 个指标进行标准化计算。最后从下往上,逐层计算出综合效益各评价体系的赋权结果,得到了轻、中、重三种土壤改良类型的综合效益评价得分。评价结果显示,轻度碱化土壤改良类型的综合效益评价分值最高,其次是重度碱化土壤改良类型,最差为中度碱化土壤改良类型。研究还发现,轻度碱化土壤改良类型在生态环境效益和技术经济效益方面优势突出,而重度碱化土壤改良类型则在社会效益方面优势明显,这样的评价结果符合实际情况。总之,推广轻度碱化土壤改良技术,在环境、经济和社会三方面取得的综合效益最好。论文的研究成果为脱硫废弃物在农业上的推广应用提供了依据,所建立的农业改良项目的综合效益评价指标体系为今后农业技术推广项目的评价工作提供了方便。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using the reject of stack gas desulfurization to improve the alkali soilcan not only work out the treatment problem of desulfurated slag, as a result,accelerate generalization of the technology of sulfur removal, but alsomeliorate a mass acreage of alkali soil, thereby met the case of planting cropsand promote the agricultural development of China. Tsinghua Universitycooperated with Neimenggu Agriculture University to establish 40 mou ofdemonstrated areas in Zhanjiangying hamlet, Wushijia village, Tuoketuocounty of Neimenggu province, in order to utilize the reject of stack gasdesulfurization to improve the alkali soil. And the meliorative experiment hadlasted from 2001 year to 2003 year among the demonstrated areas.The paper set up the index system of integrated benefit evaluation of thedemonstrated areas, based on the continuable development, ecologicaleconomics, regional economics and system theory, and considered thecharacteristic of soil improvement item. This index system is made of threefirst-class indexes, including ecological environment benefit index,technology economic benefit index and society benefit index. Each first-classindex system contains three second-class indexes reflecting the index systemmeaning most clearly. The paper discussed ecological environment evaluation,technology economic evaluation and society evaluation separately anddetailedly.In course of evaluating the integrated benefit, Analytic Hierarchy Processwas adopted to confirm the indexes weighting and Multilayer Illegibility SynthesisEvaluation method was adopted to calculate the standardization value of 9 choseindexes. Finally, from the bottom up, it was figured out that the result with weightingof the integrated benefit evaluation system. Then three kinds of soil improvementstyles—low, mid and high alkalinity, got their evaluated scores respectively.The result shows that the low alkaline soil improvement test areas gained thebest grade of integrated benefit evaluation, in the next place, the high alkaline soilimprovement test areas, and the mid alkaline soil improvement test areas got theworst score. Research of the result presents that the low alkaline soil improvementtest areas has obvious predominance related to ecological environment benefit andtechnology economic benefit, and the high alkaline soil improvement test areashas distinct superiority related to society benefit. This evaluation outcomeaccords with the fact. In conclusion, popularizing the low alkaline soilimprovement technique can receive the optimal integrated benefit in respect ofenvironment, economics and society.The production of the paper provides reference for application of the reject ofstack gas desulfurization in agriculture. The index system of integratedbenefit evaluation of agricultural meliorative item established by the papersupplies convenience for the evaluation of agricultural technology popularizationitem for the future.更多还原