【作者】 张娜；

【导师】 齐广学；

【作者基本信息】 燕山大学 ， 测试计量技术及仪器， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 燃油品质的优劣直接影响发动机的工作状况、运转状态、使用寿命以及汽车行驶性能。然而随着燃油价格的提升,一些不法加油站通过各种手段对燃油进行掺杂使假,牟取暴利。因此,对燃油质量进行检测,保证燃油质量不仅对汽车发动机的运转起着决定性作用,而且对燃油市场监管具有重要意义。本文在对国内外燃油质量的检测技术现状及发展趋势分析和综合的基础上,对燃油的三维荧光检测进行了研究,提出了三维荧光差谱分析方法以及测量系统的总体实施方案,对系统中的关键技术进行了深入分析。基于荧光产生机理,从燃油组成特性考虑,分析了采用三维荧光法对燃油质量进行检测的可行性。利用FS900稳态荧光光谱仪对自行配制的燃油样品的激发、发射光谱进行了测定,通过分析,确定了对燃油进行三维荧光光谱分析的激发和发射波长范围。利用三维荧光差谱法,对燃油中的杂质进行了定性地判别,并采用三维荧光差谱数据的总体积积分值进行了定量分析,得到了柴油溶液三维差谱总体积积分值与溶剂油掺杂浓度的关系曲线。根据所测燃油的光谱特性,选择了合适的激发光源,并进行了基于步进电机驱动的光栅单色仪的设计工作;采用PCI-DAS4020数据采集卡,对CCD检测的光信号进行了采集。通过理论分析、基础实验,验证了本文提出的燃油质量三维荧光差谱分析的正确性、合理性。为燃油质量检测提供了一种高灵敏度、高选择性的新的技术手段。更多还原

【Abstract】 The quality of fuels can directly affect working condition, operativecondition, and service life of engine and riding ability of automobile. However,with the increasing price of fuels, some illegal gas stations adulterate fuelsthrough various means to get huge profits. Therefore, inspecting and assuringfuel’s quality is not only essential to operation of engine, but also is importantto market control on fuels.Based on analysis and integration of actuality and development trend offuel’s quality measuring techniques of home and abroad, three-dimensionalfluorescence of fuels are studied, three-dimensional fluorescence spectralsubtraction method and general implementing plan are presented, and keytechniques are analyzed deeply.Based on production mechanism of fluorescence, feasibility of measuringfuel’s quality by using three-dimensional fluorescence is analyzed inconsideration of composition characteristic of fuels. Using FS900 highperformance steady state fluorimeter, excitation and emission spectra ofself-confected fuel solutions are measured. Through analyzing, ranges ofexcitation wavelength and emission wavelength for three-dimensionalfluorescence analysis are selected.Using three-dimensional fluorescence spectral subtraction, impurities infuels are distinguished qualitatively and analyzed quantitatively by totalvolume integral of three-dimensional fluorescence spectral subtraction data.Relation curve of total volume integral of three-dimensional spectralsubtraction of diesel vs. adulteration concentration of solvent naphtha is obtained.According to spectral characteristic of fuel, appropriate exciting lightsource is selected, grating monochrometer with stepping motor driving isdesigned, and the light signals measured by CCD is acquired by PCI-DAS4020data acquisition card.Through theory analysis and basic experiment, we validate correctness andrationality of three-dimensional fluorescence spectral subtraction analysispresented in this paper. A highly sensitive and selective new technique meansis provided for measurement of fuel’s quality.更多还原