【作者】 胡卫；

【导师】 夏红霞；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 计算机软件与理论， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着计算机的普及,其应用领域也随之扩大,某些计算机的应用已经潜移默化的改变着人们的生产和生活方式。在计算机系统中,软件是灵魂,硬件是身体,软件控制硬件要做什么,如何去做,硬件则表现在如何接受软件的输入,如何表现软件作用后的输出。软件和硬件是组成一个计算机系统中不可或缺的部分,而衡量计算机的发展速度往往是按照发展最缓慢的组成部分作为参考标准的。就目前情况看,计算机硬件始终遵循所谓的摩尔定律高速发展,而软件生产却由于种种原因,发展比较滞后,这大大延缓了整个计算机产业的发展,导致软件危机的出现。 软件复用是为了解决软件危机和克服开发日益复杂的软件系统而提出的一种方法。其主要思路来源于对硬件结构化的思想,即标准化的硬件设备可以重复生产相同功能的硬件,所有硬件通过系统总线连接起来构成一个硬件系统,并且采用不同的硬件,可以构成不同的计算机硬件系统。通过类比而引入软件总线的概念,使用功能通用的软件组件的实现复杂的软件系统,通过使用不同的软件组件来建立不同的软件系统,从而构造不同的计算机系统。 软件构件技术就是基于上述思想而提出。构件技术存在许多不同的标准,流行的有三种。它们有许多相同的共性,例如都包含接口,都是均可划分的功能模块等。 COM是一种软件构件技术,也是目前应用较多的软件构件技术之一。在Win32平台下,COM己成为一个技术标准被广泛推广,而其后版本DCOM已支持分布式应用。本文着重说明了COM标准规范,COM接口的设计原理,以及使用COM技术构建软件系统,COM的优势等。并通过一些C++的代码的声明给出实现COM细节的一些元素,如接口的实现的结构体。最后论述了怎样使用Visual C++开发工具开发和使用COM组件。同时也实现了一个基于COM组件的税务稽查档案管理系统。 税务稽查档案管理系统是一套应用软件系统,它解决了通常人工搜集整理数据带来效率低下,和案件资料无法完整的长期保存等问题。该系统利用计算机技术实现办公自动化和无纸化,既有利于档案资料的存放,又由于文件资料全部挂在网上,可以最大限度的实现资源的共享和快速查找定位,效率远远超过传统的人工操作。 税务稽查档案管理系统的设计充分体现了COM思想,将系统的各个部分按功能划分,编写成COM组件形式,然后通过一个框架将所有功能部件组装起来,为了提高开发效率,程序中使用了一些第三方组件,事实证明,软件开更多还原

【Abstract】 With the technology of computer science becoming more popular, its application domain gets larger;many kinds of application exert a subtle influence on changing our lives. In computer systems, software is the soul, and then the hardware is the body. Software tells hardware what to be do and how to do, but the hardware is responsible how to input and output after software processing. The software and hardware is indispensable in the computer system. How to measure the tempo of the computer rests with the slowest tempo of its components. However, the hardware of computer is the rapid development following by Moore’s law, and because of various reasons, development of software has been rather slow currently, which significantly slowed the development of the computer industry. So the software crisis appears around problems of software production.Software reuse is a method, which is used to solve the software crisis and overcome increasingly complex software systems. The original idea comes from the thought of hardware structure reuse, i.e. the standardized hardware production can reproduce the same functional hardware, all hardware can be assembled to construct a hardware system across the system bus, and using the different hardware could constitute different computer hardware systems. To be an analogy, the software buses appeared, and consider the process of designing software to be the software component design, and assemble different component can making different software system.The technology of the software component is proposing on the basis of the thought above. There are many kinds of the standards of the software component, only three can be popular. They have a lot of resemblance, such as including interface, and can be divided into modules etc.. COM is a kind of software component technology;it is also one of most useful of software component technology at present. In Win32 platform, COM is wide spread to be a technical standard, and DCOM to be a next generation of COM has already supported distributed application. In the article, it emphasize COM standards, the design principle of COM interface, using COM to construct the software system, and advantage of COM, etc. Furthermore it provided some elements, which realize COM detail through the statement of the code of C++, such as the structural body of realization of the interface. At end of the paper, it discusses how to use designing tool of Visual C++ to design, and how to use COM. At the same time the author completed a TAFS (Tax Audit File System) based on COM components.TAFS is an application software, it solve the lower efficiency of manual processing data and information completion by using computer automation in the condition without paper, and be comfortable for backing up and because of storing data in the internet makes very convenient forsearching and can be more efficient than manual operations.We use the methods provided by COM to design TAFS, divide the TAFS for parts of functional modules, and realize it in components, and then assemble all function parts through a frame .In order to improve the efficiency of developing, TAFS have used the some of the third parts’ components in procedure of designing, and the designing process will be more rapid. In the process of designing TAFS, the authors show some new methods and frames to compete the system.更多还原