【作者】 邹洁；

【导师】 陈静；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 中国是世界上地震灾害严重的国家之一。对土木结构工程而言,在地震作用时,使其结构不受或减小破坏从而降低地震灾害具有重要的意义。升船机是大型水利枢纽工程中提升过往船舶的重要工具,与多级放水船闸相比它可以使船舶过坝的时间大大减少。升船机结构是一种高柔结构,当受到地震作用时,其下部筒体结构的侧移刚度很大,而顶部单层厂房柱的侧移刚度很小,这种巨大的刚度突变引起升船机顶部厂房强烈的鞭梢效应。因此,减小其鞭梢效应成为当前一个非常重要的研究课题。 预测控制是20世纪70年代后期产生的一类新型计算机控制方法,它以系统响应的预测模型为基础,利用滚动优化和反馈校正的思想,对目标函数进行优化得到最优控制力,使对象输出与期望值之间的偏差达到最小。基于预测控制的特征,现已在得到越来越广泛的应用。针对升船机结构地震反应的鞭梢效应,本文采用理论分析和计算机仿真,将预测控制引入结构控制领域,应用预测算法控制,即采用模型预测控制策略来实现控制作用。 本文主要介绍了目前预测控制和结构振动控制的发展和现状、模型预测算法的基本要素,重点讨论了预测模型的表现形式和用于滚动优化的目标函数,并给出了最优增量控制作用的实现方法。介绍了三峡升船机结构的技术参数、三峡升船机的动力学模型与结构模型。通过对升船机结构的分析研究建立了预测模型,设计预测控制算法。最后对升船机结构的预测控制系统进行了仿真,分析了预测控制参数对系统性能的影响,并确定了参数选择的一般原则。由仿真得到各种情况的闭环输出曲线和控制量变化曲线分析比较可知,预测算法控制的控制性能良好,能够有效的减少地震的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is one of the countries with serious earthquake disaster in the world. As to construction structural engineering, making its structure not or reduce the destruction thus reduce the earthquake disaster is vital significance. The ship lift is the important tool promoting the passing vessel in the large-scale water control pivot project, compare with multistage ship-strobe, which can make the time of vessel passing dam greatly reduce. The structure of ship lift is one kind of high supple structure, when affecting by earthquake, its underpants barrel side of structure moves in a big way, but the crown monolayer workshop column side moves to be very small, such enormous rigidity sudden change causes the ship lift crown workshop intense whipping effect. Therefore, reducing its whipping effect becomes an extremely important research topic at present.Predictive control is a kind of new computer control method in the late 1970s, it takes the system response predictive model as the foundation, uses the ideas of receding horizon and feedback proofread, to optimize the objective function and gain optimal control force, which could minimize the difference between the real output and the expected output. At present, the predictive control has been already getting more and more extensive application because of its characteristics.The development and status of Structural vibration control and Predictive Control is introduced and analyzed the profits of its characteristic in this dissertation, structural model and model predictive control (MPC ) algorithm are studied the that was first implemented for the structural vibration control of ship lift under earthquake excitation. Based on analyzing structural motion equation and the state space form equation of the earthquake-excited ship-lift’s structural model, predictive model and control objective functions are defined and the MPC system of the ship-lift is set up. It can greatly reduce earthquake response of the tall building and mitigation effect is very available.更多还原