机动目标跟踪理论的研究及其应用

【作者】 赵敏；

【导师】 李辉；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 电路与系统， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 机动目标跟踪在军事和民用领域有着广泛的应用。国内外许多专家学者对之进行了深入的研究,取得了丰硕的成果。由于跟踪环境和目标机动性能发生变化,各种应用系统对机动目标跟踪提出了同益复杂的要求。因此,有必要在学习前人研究成果的基础上,对机动目标跟踪理论进行更深地研究。 本文在综述机动目标跟踪的基本理论与方法的基础上,以边扫描边跟踪雷达系统为背景,系统地研究了非杂波及杂波条件下的单机动目标跟踪和密集杂波环境中的多机动目标跟踪问题。其中涉及的主要算法是白适应滤波算法和数据关联算法。针对原有数据关联算法计算量大的问题,本文引入了一种新的基于线性规划的数据关联算法。由于该算法利用线性规划方法的内在机制解决数据关联问题,并且利用了更多的量测信息,使得算法的计算量和精度与传统的数据关联算法相比有了很大的改进。将基于线性规划的数据关联算法与交互式多模型算法相结合提出了一种适合于密集回波环境下跟踪多机动目标的新算法,同时解决了多机动目标跟踪中的自适应滤波和数据关联问题。与传统的交互式多模型联合概率数据关联算法相比,所提出的算法减小了计算负担,加强了实时性,提高了精度,是杂波环境下跟踪多机动目标的一种有效方法。为了证明所研究算法的有效性,本文以空中交通管制为应用背景,对算法做了大量的仿真实验。更多还原

【Abstract】 Numerous applications associated with maneuvering target tracking can be found for both military and civil purposes. The researchers all over the world have been engaged in the area, and many plentiful and substantial results have been acquired. Due to more and more complex environment and the great change of maneuvering characteristics, more sophisticated tracking systems are desired for various applied systems. So the study on maneuvering target tracking (MTT) based on the contribution of other researchers is necessary.The basic principle of MTT is introduced in the dissertation, and then the tracking a maneuvering target, a target and multiple targets in clutter is discussed with the use of Track-While-Scan Rader. The algorithms in the dissertation are mainly associated with the adaptive filter and data association. Because of the computation of the joint probabilistic data association (JPDA) algorithm, a new data association algorithm (LPDA) based on linear programming is introduced. The LPDA method is superior to the JPDA method in the sense that the LPDA offers a much higher data association accuracy as well as substantially lower computational complexity. Then a new algorithm (IMMLPDA) that combines the LPDA method and interacting multiple model method (IMM) is proposed to track multiple maneuvering targets in dense clutter. The new algorithm can deal with the problems of adaptive filter and data association at the same time perfectly. Compared with the traditional algorithm the new method we propose has the improved accuracy and the low complexity. It makes the IMMLPDA method a very practical approach to the problem of the multiple maneuvering targets tracking in a dense and cluttered environment. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithms that are studied in the dissertation, a lot of computer simulation experiments are designed in the air traffic control (ATC) scenario.更多还原