基于ARM的嵌入式测控平台设计

【作者】 鲁昀；

【导师】 陈明；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 检测技术与自动化装置， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 目前国内嵌入式测控系统开发,由于缺乏一个稳定工作的硬件基础,所以整个开发工作的重点大都放在调试硬件故障上。现有测控平台接口电路种类比较少,多为传统的RS232、RS485接口,数据交换速度慢,已经不能满足日益增长的数据传输需求。并且大多数项目的开发没有使用嵌入式实时操作系统,严重影响了程序的可读性和可移植性,进而影响了整个系统的可靠性。另外,传统的8位微处理器已经越来越不能适应日渐复杂的应用需求,而32位ARM嵌入式微处理器以其卓越的性能、超低的功耗、很高的性价比,代表了当今主流电子应用技术的发展方向。因此应用32位ARM微处理器、友好的交互界面、网络互连功能、多接口、实时的数据处理几乎成了现代实时测控系统的共同需求。 本文在分析了嵌入式软硬件可实现模块化设计的基础上,借鉴了“开发平台”的设计思想,首先,在ARM嵌入式最小系统的基础上架构通用的硬件平台,对测控平台的硬件结构进行设计,特别是对于关键的接口电路进行了比较深入的研究,针对不同的应用,集成了多种接口电路。其次,在实现嵌入式实时多任务操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ在ARM上可移植的基础上,架构了通用的软件平台,对接口电路驱动程序进行模块化设计,特别是通过对微型嵌入式协议栈μIP的研究,成功地实现测控系统网络化。最后,在研制出的测控平台上,我们设计了基于以太网的直流电机伺服系统,在实现远程数据采集、电机控制的同时,研究了基于参数实时可变型PID控制算法,使用户通过网络,用普通的IE就能测控电机转速。 在上述工作的基础上,开发研制出工程样机,通过基于以太网的直流电机伺服系统的实验使用结果表明,测控平台设计合理,性能稳定、可靠,达到了设计的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 The development emphasis of the survey and control system is to debug the hardware breakdown because of lacking the hardware foundation of stable work. Existing measures to control the terrace picking up interface circuit is less and most of traditional measures is RS232 and RS485, the speed of data exchange is slow, so it can’t satisfy the need of increasing demand And most development of system does not use real time operating system(RTOS), this affects its ability of reading and transplant of the procedure seriously , further more ,it affects the reliability of system. Traditional 8 Micro Processor Unit(MPU) have already not adapt the gradually complicated applying need and 32 Micro Processor Unit with built-in ARM consume with its outstanding function, super and low , the very high price compare, represents the essential electronics to apply the technical development direction. Therefore 32 ARM Micro Processor Unit with the amity interface, network connects the function, real time data processing has already become common demand of modern real time control system.This paper draws lessons from the design thought of "the development flat" through analyzing the built-in soft hardware. First, it builds hardware terrace based on the ARM foundation of the built-in minimum system ,then studies the key interface circuit especially , and integrate many kinds of interfaces for different demands. Second, based on transplant of the ARM on μ/ OS- II, general software flat has been built. Furthermore, interface circuit for drive procedure has been designed. At last, we design Servo system for DC motor through designed flat, and we study PID controller which parameters are real-time self-modified by fuzzy theory ,at the same time, realize data sample and motor control.Based on the foundation of the above-mentioned work, the manufacture of engineering machine has been built, the experiment results shows that flat is reasonable and reliable, and satisfies the demands of design.更多还原