智能交通信息采集技术研究与软件实现

【作者】 刘震；

【导师】 薛贺；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 软件工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 我国高速公路建设在最近几年得到了突飞猛进的发展,人均拥有机动车辆迅速增长,但是对高速公路交通流量特性和通行能力的研究显得相对滞后,缺少适合我国国情的参数、模型及合理的分析体系。这在一定程度上影响交通资源的使用率,同时也不能为决策部门提供参考数据。本论文针对我国高速公路的现状,结合现有的交通管理体系,提出了一种全新的智能交通系统数据采集解决方案。该系统的分析体系、采集基础数据的精度和交通流参数适合我国的高速公路状况,很好地满足了我国智能交通系统(ITS)的各项要求,达到国内领先水平。 论文首先对交通流数据采集的原理进行了讨论和研究,然后分析和论述了车辆识别和分型算法,最后给出了整个系统的体系结构和实现方法。主要内容如下: 1、在数字滤波方面,本文提出了波峰波谷滤波算法,通过查找一个波形的波峰和波谷来确定一个完整波形,既保障了滤波的准确性,又保障了系统的性能。 2、在动态称重方面,本文通过对力学公式的推导,得出了当荷载匀速通过传感器时,传感器输出仅与总荷载和速度有关,而与荷载的长度及分布无关的结论,并给出了载重测算公式。 3、在车辆分型方面,本文介绍了国际上最流行的ACC码,并根据其演化成自定义的UDC代码,从而很好地解决了自动化分车型精度低的难题。 4、通过面向对象的设计理念,采用了Strategy、Facade、Singleton等设计模式对系统进行构架,实现了一个低耦合、高内聚的具有很好的可扩充性的嵌入式系统,并在天津市公路局的33个交通调查检测站点中得到实际应用,产生了良好的科学价值和巨大的经济效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recently, our national highway construction is advancing rapidly, and the number of vehicles is growing quickly. But the basic researches on highway traffic flow characteristics relatively fall behind. Lacking reasonable parameters, models and analysis system adapt to our national situation has bad effects on the usage of traffic resources and cannot provide reference data to the decision-making departments. The thesis promotes a new intelligent traffic system, whose data of analysis system, precision of base data collected and traffic flow parameters are suitable to our national highway management system, have satisfied each requirement of our Intelligent Traffic System (ITS), and have reached the national top level.In the aspect of digital filtering, the thesis puts forward a wave crest-wave through filter method, which confirms a certain wave curve according to automatically search the crest and trough of a wave. The method ensures the correctness of filtering and the performance of our system.In the dynamic weighing aspect, the thesis deduces the conclusion that when the load passes the sensor with equal velocity, the sensor output is only relative to the total load and the velocity of load, while has no relation to the length and the inside distribution of the load. And the calculation equation of weighing the load is also given.In the aspect of vehicle model distinguishing, the thesis changes the popular international ACC code to the UDC code, which solves the problem of low precision of automatic vehicle model distinguishing.In the aspect of realization, the thesis based on the object-oriented design, designed the system framework using design patterns like Strategy, Facade, Singleton and so on. We have realized a developable embedded system with low coupling and high cohesion, which has been applied to a real project in Tian Jin, producing good scientific value and economic benefit.更多还原