【作者】 缪叶刚；

【导师】 贺卫；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 产业经济学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 区域经济增长是当今社会的热点问题,寻求一种合适而有潜力的区域经济增长模式已经受到各个国家和国际社会的普遍关注。80年代中期以来,在发达国家的区域经济研究中,人们对传统的“自上而下”建立增长中心的政策进行了反思后发现,古典经济增长理论所推崇的经济增长模式在今天正受到严峻挑战,其影响已是日渐式微。索洛以技术发展为主导的新经济增长模式虽然看到了经济增长的某些重要方面,但是面对经济增长的复杂情况,似乎也显得力不从心。巴罗等人从一个国家经济增长的内部寻求解释,则给我们打开新的认识之门。现在人们普遍认识到,长期的经济增长来源于知识创新能力,单纯依靠外力将造成国民经济的脆弱性。很多国家都在探索和实践依靠内力发展区域经济的道路,寻求以知识和技术为本的区域发展战略。 20世纪80年代以来,发端于对所谓“第三意大利”的研究,一种全新的区域经济增长模式逐渐进入人们的视野,那就是“新产业区”模式,也就是现在通常所讲的“产业集群”模式。及至1998年波特《新竞争力与产业集群》这篇论文一出,产业集群的概念随之为天下尽知。为什么产业集群这么受人关注?原因就在于,产业集群蕴含了无可比拟的竞争优势。相对于原先一体化的整合模式或大规模的批量更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of regional economy is a heated topic in today’s society. To find a perfect development pattern for regional economy which is adaptable and potential has aroused the pervasive attention of many countries and the international society. Since 1980’s, reconsideration to the traditional policy of "from top to bottom" to build the economic development center has appeared in the regional economic studies in developed countries. People find that the economic development pattern worshipped by the classical economic development theory has been greatly challenged in today. Although the new economic development pattern with a focus on technology developed by Solo observes some of the important facets of economy, it still shows the weaknesses facing the complex conditions in economic development. Nevertheless, Barrow tries to find an interpretation from inner of the national economic, which opens a new door for our understandings. Nowpeople have generally recognized that the long-term economic development roots in the capability of knowledge innovation, and depending on the exogenous power simplexly will lead to frangibility of the economy. Many countries are exploring and practicing the road to develop regional economy depending on the endogenous power, and looking for the regional development strategy based on the knowledge and technology.Since 1980’s, originated form the study on the so-called "the third Italy", an up-to-date regional economic development pattern comes to the eyes of people, which is the pattern of "new industrial region", or "the industrial cluster" we often call today. The definition of industrial cluster is known by many people with the publication of the paper ? Clusters and the New Economics of Competition)) written by Michael E.Porter in 1998. Then why do the clusters arouse so much attention of people? The reason lies in that the clusters create uneaqualed competitiveness. Compared with the previous integration pattern or large scale sets production pattern, enterprises in the clusters can conduct flexible production by specialization and labor diversification, and with the powerful social networks in the clusters, knowledge and skills can spread very quickly, the communication among people become very fluent, and the whole cluster is just like a big pot of innovation which helps to deal with competition from outside the region. Just like some scholar says that thecompetitiveness of the clusters can be described as "three lowness and two superiorities", which means low production cost, low transaction cost, low policy cost, systematic superiority and integral coordination superiority. And that’s why the clusters can be so strongly competitory. So it is not strange to keep focus on clusters in such an era following after the competitiveness.It can not be denied that clusters can create powerful competitiveness. The question for us is that how clusters with such strong competitiveness upspring, and how they evolve to become more and more stronger? Although current literatures have a lot of discussions on this issue, from my opinion I argue that the majority of these discussions is only based on the analysis to the cases in existence, and is only a kind of static analysis. What makes me fell unsatisfied is that the role of the entrepreneur has been largely neglected in many of the literatures while the entrepreneur playing more and more important role in today’s economy. Based on the previous studies, I construct an clustering evolving model to describe the development process in a dynamic way especially focusing on the pivotal role of entrepreneurs in the evolution of the clusters. The arrangement of this paper is as follows, the first section is exordium which includes the background, significance, studying approaches and the innovative points. The second section is literature review which generates some of the relevant studies about the clustersinside and outside our country. The third section is the definition identification of cluster and entrepreneur in order to build a clear base for the next analysis. The fourth and the fifth section are keystone of this paper, especially the fourth one. In the fourth section I construct an evolving model and put the entrepreneurs in the key position of the analysis which shows the pivotal role of entrepreneurs. The fifth section if the examination of the role of entrepreneurs and it’s birth process under the circumstances of clusters. And the sixth section is the conclusion.更多还原