【作者】 周新；

【导师】 屈广清；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 国际法学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 为起诉设置时限的诉讼时效制度是潜在原告、潜在被告和社会公众利益竞争与平衡的产物。在法律适用问题上,传统民法法系、普通法系基于实体定性或程序识别而单一适用诉讼时效所属民事关系准据法或法院地法的做法,均过于极端,对各方主体利益平衡关注不足;新近的趋势是并合考量法院地和所属民事关系准据法国的时效法规,在诉讼时效不同定性的基础上各有侧重,且存若干例外。 实际上,诉讼时效是一个与案件实体密切相关的程序问题,它的法律适用直接决定着案件审理的程序走向,间接涉及当事人的实体利益,并对相关民商事流转产生影响,因此复合准据法模式更为适宜,即,在对诉讼时效作程序问题识别的基础上,以适用所属民事关系准据法国的时效法为主,兼及法院地在时效问题上的程序利益,同时允许“公平性”例外。 为此,全文论述分为以下几章: 第1章 “诉讼时效之历史考察”,揭示各国诉讼时效立法流变中,对当事人私益与社会公众利益的眷顾是其不变的立场。 第2章 “诉讼时效之法律冲突”,探讨诉讼时效法律歧异之内在原因,细陈法律冲突的外在表现。 第3章 “诉讼时效之性质考辨”,比较在时效定性问题上的传统分歧,指出诉讼时效本质上是一个对案件实体有重要影响的程序问题。 第4章 “诉讼时效之利益分析”,摒弃诉讼时效仅决定案件实体结果的陈见,全面分析国际民事诉讼环境下,原告、被告、社会公众、法院地以及案件密切联系国在诉讼时效问题上的实体利益、程序利益乃至情感利益。 第5章 “诉讼时效之法律适用(一)”,以传统与当代相关立法例为依托,评述诉讼时效法律适用上的若干体例。 第6章 “诉讼时效之法律适用(二)”,综合全文之历史回顾、理论分析与立法例比较,探讨构建诉讼时效冲突规范,并对我国《民法典》草案第九编第十五条的完善提出立法建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 A limitations system, which sets time limits for bringing court proceedings, must strike a proper balance among the competing interests of potential claimants, potential defendants and society at large. As to choice of limitations statute in the context of international civil actions, the traditional approaches, that most civil law countries classify prescription, i.e. the limitation of actions, as a substantive institution with the result that it is governed by the lex causae while common law countries classify the limitation of actions as a concept of procedural law and therefore regard the lex fori as applicable, both go to extremes to some extent so as not to pay sufficient attention to proper balance among distinct subjects’ interests. The newly emerging trend in this scope is to make a comprehensive survey of the limitations statutes of the legal systems to which lex causae and lex fori belong individually and regard one of them applicable primarily upon classification of limitations, with rare exceptions under extreme and unusual circumstances.In essence, limitation of actions may be a procedural issue bearing close relationship with those substantive ones in the case, so that which limitations law to be applied determines directly how the proceedings promoter,-influence parties’ substantive interests consequently and affect interrelated civil and commercial intercourse as well. Therefore, the model of compound applicable laws seems more appropriate for choosing limitations law, under which limitations, characterized as procedural, are governed primarily by limitations law of the legal system to which lex causae to civil relationship belongs or by that of forum state on condition that the procedural interests for the forum should be maintained or under exceptional circumstances where it is just to apply lexfori.For the purposes above, this paper is divided into following chapters for detailed exploration.Chapter 1, A Historical Survey of Limitations System, tends to reveal the permanent stand taken by various lawmakers in the ongoing evolutions of limitations legislation that the parties’ private interests and interests of society at large deserve simultaneous concern.Chapter 2, Conflict of Limitations Laws, is to probe some underlying factors while exhibiting the marked differences among various limitations laws.Chapter 3, Exploration among Distinct Limitations Classifications, checks the traditional divergences around limitations classification, and takes a position that limitation of actions should be a procedural matter in essence which affects the outcome of the case substantially,Chapter 4, Interests Analysis of Limitation of Actions, discards the stale viewpoint that matters of limitations only determines the substantive result of the case, and elaborates substantive interests, procedural interests, and even emotional interests among the claimant, defendant, forum state and state(s) closely connected with the case in the context of international civil actions.Chapter 5, Applicable Laws to Limitation of Actions, Part I, makes comments upon different models of limitations applicable law on the basis of historical and current limitation conflict laws.Chapter 6, Applicable Laws to Limitation of Actions, Part II, is dedicated to the formation of limitations conflict rules upon historical reviews, theoretical analyses and comparisons between conflict of laws above mentioned in this paper, with comments on perfection of Article 15, Part DC, Draft P.R.C.Civil CodeT更多还原