我国政府采购制度研究

【作者】 张莉；

【导师】 郭琳；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 产业经济学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 政府采购制度是公共财政体系管理中一项重要内容,是实行市场经济体制国家管理支出的基本手段,也是我国现阶段节约财政资金最直接、最有效的一种符合国际惯例的财政制度。我国从1996年起开展政府采购试点工作,目前正处于全面推行阶段。随着政府采购工作的逐步深化,政府采购的规模和范围迅速扩大。与此同时,我国现行的政府采购管理还存在着一些亟待解决的问题,影响了其效率的发挥。为此,通过分析我国政府采购制度存在的问题和矛盾,借鉴国外政府采购经验,探讨构建与我国社会主义市场经济体制相适应的规范、科学、高效的政府采购制度,是一项开创性的工作,具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。 本文主要运用比较法、实证法、图示法等分析方法,将实证分析与规范分析相结合。对比较法的运用,主要是通过对国外政府采购的研究和与我国政府采购实践的对比,寻找适合我国国情的政府采购制度的实施框架;为了充分证实作者的观点,本文采用实证法,对近几年的有关资料进行整理分析;为了使一些理论表述更加直观,论据更清楚,说理更充分,本文根据有关文献资料制作了相关的示意图来加以说明;作为分析的基本方法,本文在政策建议部分大量采用了实证分析与规范分析相结合的研究方法,在回答“是什么”的基础上,提出“应该怎样”的对策建议。 本文由介绍我国近年来政府采购的情况入手,从采购模式、方式以及采购的规模、范围几方面对我国政府采购的现状进行了分析。在此基础上,提出了我国政府采购存在的问题,并分析了内在原因。在对国外政府采购制度研究中,首先分析了国际政府采购规制遵循的基本原则、制度框架以及基本运作方式。其次,针对我国政府采购实践中存在的问题和不足,对美国、英国以及韩国政府采购进行了分析和借鉴。最后,适应政府采购国际化发展趋势的要求,本文重点分析了WTO的《政府采购协议》,并从中得出对我国政府采购面向国际发展的启示。分析和借鉴的目的,在于对我国当前政府采购实践提出合理的建议。文章的落脚点,进一步明确了我国政府采购制度应遵循的基本原则和目标体系,对集中采购与分散采购的模式选择、绩效评估体系建设以及监督机制的完善等更多还原

【Abstract】 Government procurement system, one important part of public finance system, functions as fundamental instrument for market economy countries to administrate public expense, and is also a financial system conforming to the international convention for China to economize financial funds most directly and effectively. Government procurement has been practised in some experimental units from 1996, and is being popularized across the whole country now. However, with the size of government procurement fund increasing and the scope extending, which is caused by the popularizing, there exist more and more problems in government procurement administration which have diminished the efficiency and should be solved properly and timely. Therefore, it will be a creative research of important significance for theory and practice to explore and design the standard, scientific and high-efficient government procurement system adaptive to our socialist market economy system through analyzing these problems and contradictions existing in government procurement system and learning from the practice of other countries.This thesis puts equivalent emphasis on positive analysis and normative analysis with many charts and figures, the method of comparison used also. The framework of government procurement system more adaptive to China is designed based on the comparison between the practices of foreign governments and China government. This thesis positively analyzes the relevant materials of past several years in order to sustain the author’ s viewpoint. Moreover, this thesis adopts many charts and figures made out of relevant materials and literatures in order that the theories can be more easily comprehended, the argument more clear, and the conclusion more convincing. As basic methods, positive analysis and normative analysis are used frequently in the last part of this thesiswhere the corresponding policy suggestions are provided.Started from the introduction of the mainly practice of government procurement in recent years, this thesis analyzes the status of our government procurement about procurement mode, procurement form, procurement size and procurement scope, and then researches into the reasons for the enumerated problems. Firstly, this thesis explores the basic principles, system framework and the mechanism of procurement systems adopted by foreign countries among which US, UK and Korean are especially selected as examples for China to analyze and learn in order to solve the problems appearing in our practice. In virtual of the internationalization trend of government procurement, this thesis pays much emphasis on world trade organization agreement on government procurement from which some ideas are obtained that would be helpful for us to provided appropriate suggestions. Moreover, based on the principles and objects of government procurement, this thesis analyzes the proper choice between the centralized and decentralized patterns, the design of performance evaluation system and the construction of supervision, providing appropriate policy choices to perfect our government procurement system that should be taken in the near future. Additionally, the arguments on the establishment and advancement of county government procurement system are given also..更多还原