【作者】 王亮；

【导师】 商如斌； 谭琳；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 公共管理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 国际贸易迅猛发展,内外交流越来越多,担任国家进出境监管重任的海关面临着巨大的通关压力。为使通关这一海关业务中心环节成为促进海关业务改革顺利进行,保证对外贸易的健康发展,实现海关服务经济方针的突破口,就要将通关改革作为海关改革的重点和建设现代化海关进程中的研究对象。我国外贸进出口总额每年都有大幅提升,新型监管任务层出不穷。为了解决提高通关效率,节省人力资源,增加社会效益,全面提升海关的服务水平,海关在通关环节已经进行了多项改革。经过几年的实践,取得了一定的实效。但由于大多数改革是针对通关的一个环节,或者一类企业,没有形成整体推动力,依旧面临着许多难点,特别是如何解决有限行政资源和繁重业务工作间的矛盾。通过与国内外海关特别是英国海关的对比,发现天津海关在通关理念上存在问题,具体措施上存在差距,具体可从风险管理、守法便利和减少通关环节上予以借鉴。将风险分析作为通关改革的龙头,企业分类管理作为通关改革的基础,减少环节作为通关改革的主要手段,通关便利作为通关改革的主要目标。从整体角度看待通关和海关其他任务的关系,通过业务改革打造全新的便捷通关模式,更好的服务企业。在关区业务全面整合基础上,积极推进环渤海区域海关合作,将各海关资源整合起来,实行统一管理措施,优势互补,促进外贸发展,推动环渤海经济带的建设。经过改革,使通关成为管理理念和行政制度改革试验的先锋,尽快实现将天津海关建设成为现代化海关的目标。更多还原

【Abstract】 China Customs is in charge of supervision and control over inward and outwardgoods. As undertaker of the important mission, it is bearing heavy press of customsclearance due to rapidly rising foreign trade and increasing international exchanges.How does customs reduce press, and make customs clearance-core business ofcustoms-play a key role of driving customs reform go ahead smoothly, ensuringforeign trade develop healthily, and materializing customs ‘s policy serve foreconomic development? So customs clearance becomes key of customs reform andresearch object of during building modernize customs.China’s foreign trade volume increases quickly, and new type supervisionrequirements emerge more and more. Accordingly, customs has taken actions toreform customs clearance in order to raise customs clearance efficiency, economizehuman resource, increase society benefit, and improve service quality in full scale. Bypracticing for several years, these reform has brought some benefit, however, most ofreform only aim at certain procedure of clearance, or specific enterprises, so thesereform can little form a kind of join force to drive customs reform. China Customsstill faces many difficulties, including how to solve conflict between limitedadministration resource and heavy working press.Compared with internal and foreign customs, especially, Britain customs, TianjinCustoms is found with problem and gap on customs clearance idea and measures. Butit can absorb the other customs advance experiences regarding controlling risk,providing convenient for enterprises obeying law, and reducing the customs clearanceprocedures. On the basis of enterprises segment, customs clearance reform can hittarget of quick customs clearance by introducing into risk evaluation system at first,and reducing customs clearance procedures. Clearance and customs’ other businessshould be consider as whole. In order to serve for enterprise better, customs needbuild new quick customs clearance by reform.On the basis of business integration within responsibility area, Tianjin Customsshould drive cooperation of customs around Bohai sea to promote international tradedevelopment and economic building above region by integrating customs’ resource,coordinating supervision measures and sharing advantages each other. Customsclearance reform should play a pioneer in creating supervision thinking and reformingadministration system, to drive Tianjin Customs hit target early to buildmodernization of customs.更多还原