【作者】 王艳红；

【导师】 孙津生；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 化学工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着电镀、制革、防腐和染料等工业的发展,含重金属的废水对人体和环境造成的危害越来越严重,有效去除废水中重金属离子成为当前十分迫切的任务。本文提出全新的磁场-趋磁细菌复合工艺综合治理重金属废水,对趋磁细菌混合菌的组成进行了研究,并对处理重金属废水进行深入研究,确定了复合工艺最佳操作条件。本文先对取回的活性污泥,进行趋磁性细菌的富集培养。选择一种培养趋磁性细菌的高效培养基,然后进行MTB的培养,并通过透射电镜和扫描电镜对富集后的混合菌进行观察,分析趋磁性细菌的形态、大小、数量与所属的种属,为吸附重金属离子提供分析的理论依据。同时通过对各种不同的重金属离子进行静态的吸附实验,从而确定了适合用该细菌处理的金属的种类,并对处理各种金属的操作条件进行了研究,为以后的动态实验提供操作条件。通过对生物吸附重金属离子行为的研究发现,生物吸附受pH值影响较大,而且存在最佳pH值范围,不同的重金属离子种类最佳pH值也不相同; 生物吸附主要细胞表面的吸附,在很短的时间内即可达到吸附平衡; 生物吸附对在室温下影响不明显。最后对吸附了重金属离子的趋磁性细菌的分离进行了研究。分离器包括多悬丝分离器和多平板分离器,分别研究了不同磁场强度对分离的影响,并在扫描电镜下观察了悬丝上被捕集的趋磁性细菌的形态和结构。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the industrial development of galvanization, tannage, antisepsis, and dye etc, the environment, as well as human health, has been suffering damage by metal -bearing wastewater. This situation makes it urgent to find effective ways to wipe off heavy metal ions from wastewater before it is drained. In this paper, a novel comprehensive technology is put forth, discussed and probed, which involves HGMS and magnetotactic microbic metallic carrier, including working mechanism, treating result and continuous operating conditions. In this paper, first, biosorption of heavy metals was conducted in the activated sludge cultivated at five different culture conditions. The results indicate that bacteria in the sludge which are effective to uptake heavy metals (MTB) can be deciphered, with their number counted, with ease by MPN. Some characters had been observed by the electron microscope. At the same time, different kinds of heavy metal ions are absorbed under static situation. As the result, the kinds of heavy metal ions suitable for MTB absorption are selected. Then, the operation situation is studied as the preparation for that of dynamic ones. Through the study of microbe’ absorbing heavy metal ions with magnetic technical treatment, it is found that the microbe’ absorption is affected greatly by pH value and there is an optimum pH value scope. And the optimum scopes of different ions are different with each other. The absorption is mainly on the surface of the microbe so it could reach the absorption equilibrium soon. The absorption was also slightly affected by temperature. At the close experimental step, under the optimum operation situation, the separation of MTBs sucked with heavy metals from the wastewater fluid is probed, respectively in separa -tors with paralleled wires and slabs. Visible pictures are obtained clear enough to decipher the shape of MTB are taken with the aid of Scaw Electronic Microscopy.更多还原