【作者】 肖兵；

【导师】 李午申； 白世武；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 材料工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 针对国外工业先进国家管道焊接施工已广泛采用优质、高效药芯焊丝半自动焊这一先进焊接技术的实际情况,为了赶上国外管道焊接施工的先进技术水平,提高管道局管道焊接施工队伍的国际竞争力,中国石油天然气管道局从俄罗斯引进了一套药芯焊丝生产线,着手进行药芯焊丝的开发研究工作。但该产品一直存在着焊接时熔渣下淌、飞溅较大、低温冲击值不稳定等质量问题。为了能生产出质量稳定、性能可靠的药芯焊丝,进行立项研究。针对目前引进的俄罗斯管道全位置焊接自保护药芯焊丝的配方生产出的产品,进行调整研究,对配方进行优化,主要解决焊丝低温韧性的问题。在药芯中,各种氟化物同时起到造气剂、造渣剂,因此近年来广泛研究不同氟化物的气体保护作用,认为BaF2、CeF2、LiF、K2ZrF6、Na2SiF6等氟化物沸点低,易气化,对加强气体保护作用有良好的效果,同时对提高焊缝韧性有作用。但不宜过多,易造成电弧不稳与飞溅增多。在原有配方的基础上,加入K2ZrF6、Na2SiF6,调整氟化物的加入量,得到减少Al-Mg合金,降低含铝量的效果。焊接过程中,确认稀土有净化焊缝、变性夹杂和微合金化作用,有利于提高焊缝低温韧性、高温强度、耐蚀性等,但目前没有达到量化。用上述配方为基础试验配方,分别添加不同量的稀土氟化物,进行熔敷金属焊接试验。针对目前引进的俄罗斯药芯焊丝直线拉拔式生产线,合理调整生产工艺,确定生产质量保证体系、质量检验体系,满足工业化生产需要。通过开展以上的研究工作,最终达到能生产出质量稳定、性能可靠、操作工艺性良好,适合于管道施工需要的合格的药芯焊丝产品。用国产自保护焊丝取代进口的焊丝进行管道全位置焊接。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the light of the actual situation that advanced welding technology, i.e.semi-automatic welding with top-notch, efficient solder wire has been widely usedon pipeline welding construction in foreign industrial countries, and in order to catchup with the advanced technology on foreign pipeline welding construction and tomake China Petroleum Pipeline Bureau (CPPB) more competitive on pipelinewelding construction in international market, CPPB introduced a set of fuse-wireproduction line to go on the research and development of fuse-wire. However, therehave been some problems with the quality of the product such as dripping slag,heavy splash, unstable low-temperature impact values in welding. Therefore, ascience research program has been set up for more reliable and stable wire. In view of the defects of the imported product of the self-protective fuse-wire onall-position pipeline welding by the Russian formula, a great deal of adjustment andresearch have been done and the formula has been optimized with a view to solvingthe problem of the impact on the wire under low temperature. Various fluorides work as both gas-making agent and slag-making agent in thefuse. As a result, the protective property of gas by different fluorides has been widelyresearched in recent years. It is assumed that fluorides such as BaF2 , CeF2 , LiF, K2ZrF6 , Na2 SiF6 and the like have a low boiling point and could be easily gasified,thus have a positive effect on the improvement of the protective property of gas andhelp improve the toughness of welding seam, but excessive amount may result inunstable electrical arc and more splash. The original formula with K2 ZrF6 and Na2SiF6 added in and adjusted amount of fluorides could produce less Al-Mg alloy andreduce the aluminum content. It is confirmed that rare earth could purify welding seam, denature slag inclusionand result in slight alloying which are favorable to improve the low-temperaturetoughness and high-temperature strength as well as the corrosion resistance ofwelding seam, but so far it could not be quantified. The experimental formula hasbeen supplemented with rare-earth fluorides of different amount respectively on thebasis of the original one to conduct fusing metal welding experiment. In view of theimported linear pulling Russian fuse-wire production line, production technology hasbeen reasonably adjusted to determine the production quality guarantee system aswell as quality control system and to meet the demand of industrialized production. Stable, reliable and qualified solder wires which can meet the need of pipelineconstruction could be finally manufactured through above-mentioned research toreplace the imported wire to perform all-position pipeline welding with domesticself-protective wire.更多还原