【作者】 杨建锋；

【导师】 刘建华；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 应用化学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 Li-MnO₂电池具有工作电压和比能量高、工作温度范围宽、自放电率低、防漏性能好、安全无公害等特点,是锂一次电池中产量最大、最常用的一种。Li-MnO₂电池正极活性材料长期以来一直是锂一次电池领域的研究热点,论文针对正极材料EMD热处理后物化性能、晶体结构的变化与电性能之间的关系进行了具体研究。采用无汞碱锰电池专用EMD作Li-MnO₂电池正极原材料,分别在300、350、380、400、420℃下热处理14、20h。对热处理前后的样品,通过扫描电镜（SEM）研究了颗粒大小及形貌变化,测试了堆积密度、比表面积、电液吸收量和MnO₂的含量;采用热重分析法（DTA）和差热分析法（TG）研究了水分含量的变化,采用XRD技术研究了晶体结构、晶相组成、晶胞参数和晶粒尺寸的变化。将热处理前后的样品制成电池测量了开路电压、短路电流和交流内阻,并在中小功率和大功率放电条件下进行了电性能测试,包括恒流45mA、恒阻62Ω、恒流1000mA和900mA脉冲放电。将电池在常温下贮存1个月和6个月后,分别测量开路电压、短路电流和交流内阻,并在中小功率和大功率放电条件下进行了电性能测试。通过上述试验,得出了EMD的物化性能和晶体结构的变化对电池放电性能和贮存性能的影响规律,并确定了EMD的最佳热处理条件:电池用于大电流（高功率）放电场合时,EMD在380℃左右处理较好,用于中小电流（中小功率）放电场合时,EMD在400℃左右处理较好;处理时间以20h左右为宜。运用上述结论对EMD进行热处理,研制了CR435针型Li-MnO₂电池,并对其电性能进行了测试,主要电性能指标达到或超过了国外同类产品BR435的水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Li-MnO₂ battery has some merits as follows: high working voltage and specificenergy, wide working temperature range, low spontaneous discharge rate, goodleaking resistance, safe and has no pollution and so on. So it’s the most familiar one ofprimary lithium batteries and having the most output. The battery cathode materialshave been studied hotly for long time. Studies were done in this paper on EMDphysicochemical and structural changes after being thermally treated and relation ofthose changes with battery performances.EMD for no mercury alkaline zinc manganese dioxide battery specially was usedas cathode material for Li-MnO₂ ones and heated for 14 or 20 hours at 300℃、350℃、380℃、400℃ and 420℃ respectively. To those samples, SEM was used to studychanges of particle size and appearance. And tests were done on accumulate density,BET surface area, electrolyte absorbing quantity and MnO₂ content. And change ofwater content in EMD powder during heating was studied by DTA and TG methods.Also, XRD was used to study crystal structure and size, crystallographic componentsand lattice constant.Batteries were prepared with those EMD samples and tested of open circuitvoltage, short circuit current and A-c essential resistance. Discharge Performances ofbatteries were tested on low or mild and high power output conditions, includingunder 62ohm load and at 45 mA-cont, 1000mA-cont and 900mA pulse. Some of thosetests were also done on batteries reserved at normal temperature for one and sixmonths respectively.Through those experiments, rules were obtained that how EMD physicochemicaland crystal structure changes affected battery discharge and storage performances.And optimal condition of EMD heattreatment was ascertained. Batteries which wereused on high power output occasions showed best discharge performance with EMDheated at about 380℃. Contrarily, EMD should heated at 400℃or so for thosebatteries used on mild or low power output occasions. And it seemed better for EMDtreated for 20 hours or so. CR435 pine type battery was prepared with EMD treatedaccording as those conclusions, and performances were tested. The mainelectro-performances achieved or exceed those of overseas BR435 ones.更多还原