【作者】 张荣亮；

【导师】 麻凤海；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁工程技术大学 ， 防灾减灾工程及防护工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 对于通过煤炭开采区上方的高速公路,地下采煤将引起一系列的地面变形与破坏。应用有限元基本原理,建立了条带开采的有限元分析模型,尝试利用大型通用ANSYS有限元分析软件对由于开采所引起的岩体移动、地表沉陷以及应力的分布情况进行了数值模拟,总结出了条带开采时岩体移动的基本特征和地表沉陷的相关参数,并利用ANSYS软件强大的通用后处理功能画出了地表基准点的水平、下沉移动的分布曲线和应力分布曲线,以及整个计算模型的应力等值线图、水平移动等值线图和下沉等值线图,通过这些分布图直观地显示了顶板、煤层和底板的变形情况以及应力分布情况,并阐明了条带开采引起地表沉陷的变形机理。本文以沈大高速公路某矿区通过段的选线为例,对地下开采引起的高速公路变形破坏问题进行了综合分析和评价,提出了相应的工程防护对策,使该选线方案顺利实施。模拟揭示的规律能为工程规划决策者提供依据和指导,同时表明利用ANSYS进行开采沉陷特别是对条带开采的模拟是有效的、可行的,能够根据问题需要采用较符合实际的复杂模型。因此,该数值分析方法对现场开采将具有十分重要的应用价值和指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 A series of ground surface deformations and damages will be caused by underground mining for the super-way crossing areas. According to the basic principles of FEA, the analytical model of FEA and the calculation formula are established. Then, the features of strata movement, the fundamental behavior of related parameters of surface displacement and stress distribution are obtained. To use the great General Postprocessor of ANSYS to draw up the curves of the surface displacement distribution and the surface stress distribution, and the contours chart of stress, horizontal displacement and subsidence. The distribution charts visually showed that the deformation and stress distribution of overlying stope, rock strata and lower stope. It clarified that the mechanism of deformation, which usually results from the excavation of strip mining. These special deformations and damages are analyzed and evaluated with example for the sector of the mining coal areas on Shen-Da super-way, and the relevant protecting measurements are proposed. Therefore, the scheme for the super-way crossing Shen-Da mining coal areas is successfully passed, and great economic and social benefit is achieved. By numerical simulation, the law of mining subsidence was discovered, so it could provide a scientific basis and guide for engineering plan-maker. At the same time, it showed that using ANSYS to simulate the law of mining subsidence was effective and feasible. On the other hand, complicated models could be adapted to the needs of practical conditions. Lastly the importance of numerical simulation in mining practice is pointed out.更多还原