【作者】 林赞明；

【导师】 吴谅谅；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 应用心理学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 当前的社会现实使大学毕业生面对的压力日益增长。在压力理论发展中,交互作用模型已经成为占主导地位的压力理论,另一方面,探讨多人格变量的共同作用已经成为压力研究的一个重要趋势,因而在交互作用模型内探讨多种人格变量的联合作用在压力研究中具有重要的理论意义和实际意义。 本研究以个体的多种信念,包括人性观、自尊、控制源为关注点,探讨了这几种人格特征在大学本科毕业生压力评价中共同作用的可能机制。经访谈、问卷编制与初测得到本研究的正式调查问卷:通过对13个学院300余名大学毕业生的问卷研究和大量统计分析,本研究得出的主要结论如下: 一、毕业期影响大学生的关键事件有七类。毕业期事件总体上对大学毕业生样本造成的影响不大,样本的自尊和内控性普遍较高。 二、抑郁、焦虑与毕业期事件及压力评价之间都存在显著正相关,但与压力评价之间的相关要比与毕业期事件之间的相关高。 三、控制源信念的中介和缓冲效应: 控制源信念中随机性在家庭事件与压力评价各维度间起中介作用;他人控制在家庭事件、人际事件、突发事件、毕业期事件均分与压力评价各维度间起中介作用。控制源信念的三个维度在毕业期事件与压力评价间均无缓冲作用。 四、他人控制控制源调节着人性观的中介和缓冲效应: 当他人控制得分高时,人性观在多种毕业期事件与压力评价间起中介作用;当他人控制得分低时,人性观在毕业期事件与压力评价间无中介作用。当他人控制得分低时,人性观在多种毕业期事件与压力评价间起缓冲作用;当他人控制得分高时,人性观在毕业期事件与压力评价间无缓冲作用。 五、内控性调节着自尊的中介和缓冲效应: 当内控性得分高时,自尊在突发事件与压力评价各维度间起中介作用;当内控性得分低时,自尊在毕业期事件与压力评价间无中介作用。当内控性得分高时,自尊在多种毕业期事件与压力评价间起缓冲作用;当内控性得分低时,自尊只在恋爱事件与“承担后果”间起缓冲作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Graduates’ stress is continually increasing in the current social situation. In the development of stress theory, transactional model has become the dominant one; on the other hand, it has been an important trend to assess the role of multiple personality variables in stress process. Therefore exploring the cooperation of multiple personality variables in transactional model has great theoretical and practical value in stress research.Focused on three kinds of beliefs: philosophies of human nature, self-esteem and locus of control, the study explored the possible mechanism of the cooperation of these personality variables in graduates’ stress appraisal. Interview study, questionnaire designing and pre-survey were administrated to get the formal questionnaire; via investigation on more than 300 graduates in 13 colleges, the main conclusions were as below:1. Graduate life that impacts students most is composed of seven categories of key events. Graduate events haven’t caused severe stress among students, and the level of self-esteem and internal locus of control in the sample is rather high in all.2. There is significant positive correlation between stress outcomes and graduate events or stress appraisal, while the correlation between the outcomes and stress appraisal is stronger than the former.3. The mediating and moderating effects of locus of control:"Chance’ locus of control has mediating effect between family events and each dimension of stress appraisal, ’powerful others’ locus of control is a mediator between family events, interpersonal events, accident events, the average score of graduate events and each dimension of stress appraisal. There is no moderating effect of any dimension of locus of control on the relationship between graduate events and stress appraisals.4. ’Powerful others’ locus of control moderates the mediating and moderating effects of philosophies of human nature:When ’powerful others’ is high, philosophies of human nature have mediating effect between many graduate events and stress appraisal, while when ’powerful others’ is low, no mediating effect exists. When ’powerful others’ is low, philosophies of human nature have moderating effect on the relationship between many graduate events and stress appraisal, while when ’powerful others’ is high, no moderating effect exists.5. Internal locus of control moderates the mediating and moderating effects of self-esteem: When internal locus of control is high, self-esteem has mediating effect between graduate events and each dimension of stress appraisal, while when internal locus of control is low, no mediating effect exists. When internal locus of control is high, self-esteem has moderating effect on the relationship between graduate events and each dimension of stress appraisal, while when internal locus of control is low, moderating effect can only be found on the relationship between love events and ’bearing burden’ appraisal.更多还原