【作者】 刘香菊；

【导师】 周光礼；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 高等教育学， 2005， 硕士

【副题名】A Research under the system of Faculty Employment

【摘要】 教师聘任改革是目前我国公立高校人事制度改革的重点。教师与公立高校之间的法律关系问题,不仅关系到教师职业的发展,而且关系到整个高等教育事业的发展,是聘任制改革亟须解决的问题。聘任制度下教师与公立高校的法律关系,是指在教师聘任中两者之间权利、义务及责任的分配问题。它与教师及公立高校的法律地位密切相联。因此,本文从分析教师与公立高校的法律地位入手,在历史考查和国际比较的基础上,探讨聘任制度下教师与公立高等学校的法律地位,进而揭示两者之间的法律关系。我国公立高校发展的历史表明,公立高校必须取得自治权利,才能获得自由的发展空间。20世纪80年代中期以来我国教育改革的目的就是确立公立高等学校的法人地位,给予其法律规范下的自主与自由,使其成为执行国家公共教育职能的公法人。纵观世界高等教育发达国家德国和美国,公法人化也是其高等学校改革发展的必然方向。可见,公法人化是当前世界各国高等学校发展的共同趋势。与此同时,随着我国教师自身专业内涵的不断提升和外部法律制度的不断完善,教师将会成为具有专业自由权利的专门化职业。这是教师聘任制改革的必然要求,也是世界教师职业发展的共同趋势。因此,具有专业自由权利的教师和作为公法人的公立高校在聘任制度下必然建立起平等的契约关系。但是,在我国目前的制度环境下,公立高校公法人地位的培育还需要一个过程,教师专业自由权利的取得也不可能一蹴而就。因此,教师与公立高校之间还不可能建立起完全平等的契约关系。并且,在当前的教师聘任制改革中,教师处于明显的弱势地位。要实现公立高校与教师之间从行政法律关系到劳动法律关系的转换,国家和学校必须建立并完善维护教师权益的制度环境,在利用并完善现有的行政救济途径的基础上,积极开拓新的渠道来维护并保障教师的合法权益。更多还原

【Abstract】 The faculty employment is an essence issue to reform the system of public higher education institutions at present .To define the legal relation between the faculty and the public higher education institution is the first important thing, which concerns the development of the academic profession, at the same time, which is crucial to the development of Chinese higher education. The legal relations between the faculty and the public higher education institutions is the allocation of the rights, duties and accountability among them under the system of employment, which is defined by the legal status of the faculty and that of the public higher education institutions. Therefore, with the perspective of legal status, the reconstruction of them is based chiefly on the history experience and international comparison. The history experience testify to the close link between the self-government and the development of the public higher education institutions, the public higher education institutions must to be a public legal personality. This is the international tend of the higher education institutions, as has happened in Germany and USA etc. And this tend coincide with the reform of the Chinese public higher education institutions since 1980s. With the specialization of the academic profession and the construction of the regulations, the faculty will be a specialized academic profession with more and more freedom and rights. This is the international tend of the academic profession and the essential term of the employment system. So, under the employment system, the faculty, who have specialized rights and freedom, will be equal to the public higher education institutions as the bilateral contact defined. But at present, actions must be taken to defend the faculty’ legal rights which are easy to be treated unjustly.更多还原