【作者】 王斐；

【导师】 廖利；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 环境工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国工农业生产的飞速发展和人口的急剧膨胀,垃圾的产生量越来越多,并且城市生活垃圾正以约8%的年增长率递增。目前,国内外城市固体废弃物处理的方式主要是填埋、焚烧和堆肥,填埋仍然是应用比较广泛而又经济的一种处置方法。卫生填埋场所产生的渗滤液是一种有毒有害的高浓度有机废水,因此渗滤液的产生和治理一直是卫生填埋技术一个重要的关键。利用煤灰和土壤对渗滤液进行吸附净化实验,成本较低,工艺简单,并且有较好的处理效果。煤灰能对污染物进行物理、化学吸附中和作用,土壤能对污染物进行物理、化学和生物作用,从而降低渗滤液的污染物浓度,减小其对周围环境的危害。对不同高度的煤灰和土壤进行垃圾渗滤液的吸附净化试验,证明其对渗滤液中的有机物具有很好的去除能力。在同等条件下,土壤对污染物的去除能力明显高于煤灰。在进水COD有机负荷在7.08～56.64mg/L·d、水力负荷在17.69～53.08ml/L·d范围内做实验时,煤灰柱对COD的去除率均能稳定在70%左右,最高去除率在90%以上; 土壤柱对COD的去除率基本都在80%以上,最高去除率达到95%以上。在COD负荷28.31mg/L·d的条件下,高度低于135cm的煤灰对NH3-N去除率开始低于80%; 高度90cm以上的煤灰柱对TP去除率在75%以上,高度继续下降时去除率降低到30%左右。不同高度的土壤对NH3-N去除率均能达到90%以上; 高度90cm以上时土壤对TP的去除率能达到65%以上。本实验主要研究了填料高度、有机负荷、水力负荷及配水次数等因素对吸附净化实验的影响,从这几个方面讨论了它们影响净化效果的途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 By the increasing of industry, agriculture and population of our country, the production of municipal solid waste(MSW) is being much more than before with an increasing rate of 8% per year. Main methods of treating MSW in the world are landfill、incineration and disposal. Landfill is still an economical and popular way of MSW treatment. Leachate is a kind of high volume water producing from a landfill site and is of great poisonous to people’s health and the environment around. So the production and treatment of leachate is very important to the landfill technique. Coal slag and soil purification test of landfill leachate is technically easy than other technique and has a good adsorption to the pollutants in wastewater. The research indicates that the removal of pollutants is very obvious by the columns. At the same condition, soil has a better adsorption treatment than coal slag. When hydraulic load ranges from 17.69 ml/L·d to 53.08ml/L·d, and COD loading from 7.08 mg/L·d to 56.64mg/L·d, the removal ratio of COD by coal slag is about 70%,the highest is above 90%; and the removal ratio of COD by soil is more than 80%, the highest is above 95%. When COD loading is 28.31mg/L·d, the removal ratio of NH3-N by coal slag is less than 80% at the height of less than 135cm. Though the maximum of removal ratio of TP can reach more than 75% at the height of 90cm, the removal ratio of TP of water discharge is under 30%. At the same COD loading, the removal ratio of NH3-N by soil is more than 90%, and the removal ratio of TP is more than 65% when the height is more than 90cm. This paper discusses some effective factors of adsorption, such as height, frequency of leachate dosing, hydraulic load, and COD loading. To a certain extent, they all affect the purification ability of the columns.更多还原