【作者】 王京京；

【导师】 樊启荣；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 经济法， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 告知义务制度,作为保险契约法上一个传统而又独特的固有制度,是保险业合理营运的前提与基础; 没有科学而又合理的告知义务制度的建构,就不可能有保险业的稳健经营与有序发展。但与此同时,它也是保险实务与理论研究中的最易引起争议又难以为人理解的规则。基因信息的出现,使基因隐私成为现代生物技术的发展而产生的一个新问题。基因隐私是特殊的隐私权,其影响不仅涉及到个人本身,而且涉及到族群等相关主体。笔者认为既要考量基因隐私本身的价值,也要考量基因隐私所影响的价值。保险人一方希望尽可能的收集被保险人的基因信息,而被保险人希望尽可能的维护自己的基因隐私,这就引发了两者的利益冲突。要对保险领域的基因信息使用予以研究,必须要深入到保险制度之内,去实地考证解决基因隐私规则。保险行业本身是建立在精算公平之上的,对风险进行分类,对不同风险者适用不同的保险费率,这是保险制度固有的运作原则。使用基因信息原则的要求和产物,这与传统的按年龄、性别等因素收取保险费的做法并没有本质区别,在尊重这一既有规则的前提下,基因信息的使用在特定条件才是允许的。保险与隐私在以往的冲突中已经达成了一种平衡,基因隐私的出现使这种平衡有了些许倾斜。要解决基因隐私与告知义务的冲突,完全禁止使用基因信息的做法并不可取,这样的做法只会扭曲商业保险的自愿原则,使商业保险被社会保险替代,这样的做法缺乏理论和现实的基础。与此同时,我们也不应当要求商业保险承担起社会保险的重任,这样的做法会引发新的不公平。解决保险领域基因使用的正义规则应是:允许商业保险公司在严格条件下合理的使用基因信息,同时国家要承担起发展社会保险以救助带因者的责任。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a traditional, unique and innate system in the insurance law, the duty of disclosure is the prerequisite and basis of running the insurance industry. In fact the insurance industry would have never developed stably and smoothly without the sound construction of the system of the duty of disclosure. However, the duty of disclosure itself has long been a complex rule both in the theoretical research and in practice. With the development of modern bio-tech, a new question is brought to us, the Genetic Privacy. The right of Genetic Privacy is a special right of privacy. It impacts not only subject of itself, but also impact interrelated subject. The author’s opinion is that we must weight the value of Genetic Privacy itself as well as the value of Genetic Privacy’s influence. One hand Insurers expect to collect the Genetic Information of Insurant as much as possible, the other hand, Insurants want to uphold their Genetic Privacy, result as the conflict of interests. In order to do the research of genetic infomation in the field of insurance, one needs to go deep into the insurance policies to test the justice regulations of solving genetic discrimination on the spot. The insurance industry is based on the actuarially equity. Classification of risks and application of different insurance fee rate to different risk carriers is the inherent operating fundamental of the insurance policies. Genetic information is the request as well as outcome of this fundamental. It is not substantially distinguished from the traditional age and gender based fee collecting method. Under the precondition of respecting the existing fundamental, using genetic information is considered reasonable following a particular aspects Balance has taken the place of conflict between insurance and privacy, but the balance was some inclined by the coming forth of genetic privacy. In the interest of solving the conflict, it is not advisable just to ban the use of genetic information . By doing so will only distort the free will fundamental of commercial insurance, and even, social insurance will take the place of commercial insurance. It is also lack of theoretic and realistic foundations to do so. Meanwhile, we shouldn’t expect commercial insurance to bear the same responsibilities as social insurance since this may cause a new inequity. The justice regulations for solving the conflict in the field of insurance should be: Allow insurance companies to carry out reasonable genetic information of disclosure and the State should take in hand the responsibilities of social insurance to help the carriers.更多还原