【作者】 杨薇薇；

【导师】 沈安文；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 高性能的永磁同步电机传动系统一般需要有高性能的电流(力矩)控制内环和转速、位置控制外环,这就需要控制系统具有高性能的电流、速度和位置反馈,这不仅增加了系统的复杂程度,也增加了生产和维护的成本。目前少传感器和无传感器的研究成为热点,比较典型的是在调速系统中不采用位置速度传感器,但在如工业缝纫机等有定位要求的系统中位置速度传感器往往是不能缺少的。于是本文提出了无电流传感器的控制方法。本文在电机专用控制芯片TMS320LF2407A 的基础上,以永磁同步电机为研究对象,将其应用于驱动全自动高速平缝机,对无电流传感器的控制方法进行了研究。首先简单介绍了平缝机的系统结构,生产工艺及其设计要求。然后详细介绍了永磁同步电机的数学模型、调速原理、矢量控制原理和空间矢量脉宽调制,并给出了矢量控制的实现框图及矢量控制中必需的坐标变换。接着分析了无电流传感器系统的控制策略,提出了一种新颖的电流模块估算方法,依据由永磁同步电机的数学模型推导出的电压公式修改系统框图,并通过电流参考值和估算值实现电流控制构造电流模块。在分析了电流估算误差对系统的影响后,采用了基于平均值理论的死区补偿方法对死区时间引起的误差进行补偿。在MATLAB/Simulink 环境下对无电流传感器的永磁同步电机调速系统进行了仿真,仿真结果证明了该方法的可行性,而且补偿后的系统具有较好的性能。最后,选择以TMS320LF2407A 为核心器件组成系统硬件控制电路,并结合平缝机的控制进行了软件设计。在设计的平台上对有电流传感器的平缝机驱动控制系统进行了实验,实验结果表明该系统能较好完成预定的控制任务,达到了平缝机控制系统的设计要求。对此系统进行修改,即可得到无电流传感器的永磁同步电机控制系统的实现,实验结果表明该系统也能够较好的完成平缝机生产过程,进一步证明本文提出的无电流传感器的控制方法具有一定的实用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 High performance PMSM drive system needs high-performance current, speed and position feedback, which not only makes the system more complex but also increases the cost of production and maintenance. Therefore, nowadays researches on reducing and even eliminating sensors becomes very hot, among which eliminating position and speed sensor is more popular. However, in such systems having high requirement of position as sewing machine drive system, the position and speed sensor is necessary. So current sensorless drive system of PMSM is introduced in this thesis. Based on a DSP TMS320LF2407A controller specially designed for motor control, PMSM is studied in this thesis, which is used to drive automatic high-performance sewing machine. And the current sensorless drive system of PMSM is designed. Firstly, the system structure, production technics and design requirements of sewing machines are introduced briefly. Then the math model of PMSM, theory of field-oriented control of PMSM and space vector PWM are described particularly, and the implementation diagram and coordinate conversion of FOC vector control are also provided here. Secondly, after analyzing the control strategy of PMSM control system without current sensor, a novel estimation approach for current estimation is proposed. According to the voltage equations deduced from the math model of PMSM, the implantation diagram is modified, and the current module is constructed in which current control is realized by reference current and simulation current. And the estimation error caused by dead time of PWM is compensated by the average-based method. Moreover, the model of the proposed system is builded and simulated on MATLAB platform, and simulation results show that the method is simple, feasible, and the system added the compensation has good performance. Finally, based on this, the processor TMS320LF2407A is selected as the core part of hardware control circuit, and software is designed in combination with the control of sewing machine. Then, experiments based on this platform are made on the sewing machine drive system with current sensor, and the results show that the system can fulfill the work prearranged well, and achieve design goals. Consequently, the current sensorless servo system can be obtained by modifying the system mentioned above. Experiment results show that this system also can finish the production work well, and further prove that the control method of current sensorless system has some practical values.更多还原