【作者】 蓝晖焰；

【导师】 赵振宇；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 新闻学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 无论在东方还是西方新闻评论都是媒体的“旗帜”和“灵魂”,是最直接的意见表达方式,它与新闻、广告、副刊一起组成了报纸四大要素。随着近年来“时评”文体的兴起,国人对新闻评论的重视和参与热情达到了建国以来前所未有的高度,一时间“公民写作”兴盛,撰写新闻评论、研究新闻评论也成为了业界热点。然而比起发展得较为成熟的西方评论尤其是美国新闻评论来,我国报纸的新闻评论仍存在这样那样的问题:社论被放到一个高高的神坛上,人人们将写作态度上的“严肃”误解成了选题内容上的“严肃”和写作风格上的“严肃”,过分的阳春白雪使它脱离群众,甚至还患上了致命的官腔官调; 专栏评论的姿态虽有所降低,但为媒体的政治属性所迫,它不得不摇摆于政治性和市场化之间; 评论版虽然展现出广泛的参与姿态,却缺乏真正的声音,同质化与指向性严重。本文正是通过对社论、专栏评论和评论版三方面的详细对比,得出了中美评论差异主要集中在关注点不同、思维方式不同以及写作风格不同三个方面。造成我国新闻评论与美国新闻评论差异的政治、文化、媒体原因归结到主要一点,即是媒体的性质不同:在我国,媒体是党、政府和人民的“喉舌”,必须无条件的为维护国家安定、党的领导服务; 而美国媒体虽然也为统治阶级服务,但根本的商业属性使它在操作中获得了更大的空间。当然,我国的特殊国情决定我们不能也不应该改变我国媒体的根本属性,所以必须从制度层面和操作层面入手,汲取美国评论经验,从大的方面说,要通过推进政治文明建设,从小的方面说要发挥媒体主动性,树立独立品格,完善评论技巧,在不触动根本制度的前提下发展新闻评论,让新闻评论学会“带着镣铐起舞”。更多还原

【Abstract】 Commentary as the direct way to express one’s ideal is the flag and soul of media both in West and East. It is one of four elements of newspaper. Especially following the style of review rising in recent years, Chinese pay lots of attention and passion on it. To write and research commentary becomes the hotspot in this field. But unfortunately, our commentary exist lots of problems comparing with Western commentary especially with American commentary: Editorials were put into an altar and keep a way from mass. Serious attitude was misunderstand to serious contents and serious writing, which leads to fate office mansions; Because of political attribute, columns have to swing between politic and market; The whole edition of opinion shows varied articles, but losing the real voice. Certain direction is prescribed. Comparing with American commentary in editorials, columns and editions of opinion, this article gets a conclusion that all differences concentrate on the following aspects: different focus, different thinking ways and different style of writing. The most important reason is the different character of media: media is the “mouthpiece”of Party, government and people in China. It has to maintain our country’s stabilization and the leads of our Party. In the United States, medium either serves for the govern-class. But the commerce attribute allows it obtain wider space. Absolutely, we couldn’t change the attribute of our medium that decides by our special situation of country. The only things we can do are change the system and operation of our medium. On the one hand, we should try our best to push the build of police-civilization; on the other hand, we should improve commentary skills and let it could “dance with bonds”.更多还原