高陡岩土边坡有限元分析及综合治理

【作者】 王军；

【导师】 曹平；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 安全技术及工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 边坡问题一直是我国岩土工程中的热点之一,其稳定性问题涉及矿山工程,道桥工程,水利工程,建筑工程等领域。同时,随着国家经济建设的不断发展,大型工程建设项目的不断涌现,该问题越来越受到人们重视。对于边坡工程中的设计主要是基于稳定性分析作出安全评价,这样能经济地、有效地指导工程实践也有着巨大的社会效益和经济效益。 本文以夹沟露采高陡岩土边坡为研究对象,遵循资料收集—现场调研—模型建立—程序设计—实例分析的研究思路。首先,考虑到边坡岩土体赋存条件的特殊性,即边坡下部岩体深部多处呈现采空区,边坡主要被土体所覆盖,其下卧岩层为坚硬的砂岩和矿石等。因此,本文在边坡的有限元模拟中,主要分析的是边坡土体的情况。并结合现场调研对已出现滑坡的土体,通过详细分析,重点考虑到水、陡边坡角、爆破和采空区的影响,采取了综合治理的方案,如:截排水沟、降坡、土钉加固和爆破等。 文中在进行有限元分析时,将边坡土体离散为平面八节点等参单元,建立计算模型,采用释放荷载法对边坡在重力作用下做出静力分析,并应用GEOEPL2D计算程序和有限元强度折减法,通过前后处理软件(Tecplot和Surfer),从计算结果中分析边坡的位移、变形及其塑性发展趋势和安全系数。该程序考虑了土性参数和边坡边界条件的变化对分析计算结果的影响,因而能对边坡工程稳定作出较为准确的评价;避免了一般边坡稳定性分析方法在这个问题上的简化处理,得到更为精确的计算结果。通过对典型边坡采场北帮边坡和东帮边坡的分析表明,计算结果与实际调查相吻合,这对土质陡边坡含采空区的治理,得出了一些可资应用的结论。更多还原

【Abstract】 Slope engineering is an important branch in geotechnical engineering. A lot of engineerings are related to slope stability, such as mining engineering, road and bridge engineering, water conservancy and structure engineering, etc. With economical development and large-scale construction cause, slope engineering is attached importance on for successful development. Simultaneously, it takes up an important place in reconstruction. the purpose of which is to give out safety evaluation is based on stability analysis. It is very economic and effective in practice that above engineering is carried out. Last,by using the stability analysis, there are enormous social benefit and economic benefit.This paper studied the geotechnical high-steep slope of Jiagou open-pit, following the research route as field parameter collection-field investigation-establishment of calculation model-program design-instance analysis. Firstly, the particularity of rock and soil was considered , which various goaf have been emerged in the deep rock stratum and the slope was principally covered by the soil ,below which sandstone and ore are very hard. So the simulation of finite element method analyses solely the soil. Simultaneously, on-the-spot investigation, the soil must be comprehensively controlled via analysis of water, gradient angle, goaf and explosion, on which landslide occurred. It is necessary scheme that the slope is rightly treated through cutting and drainning off water, reducing slope, soil nail reinforcement and explosion and so on.With using finite element method, the paper established the calculation model of geotechnical slope with eight-node elements, and applied the program GEOEPL2D with strength reduction and by way of pre-processing and back processing software (Tecplot and Surfer software). It is obtained that the element displacement, stress, factor safety and plastic bands from analysis of the calculation results and beginning to end treatment. The program can accurately evaluate the slop stability with thinking the influence of soil parameter and boundary variation and avoid simplification work in the stability analysis. Afterthe research of two typical slopes—northern slope and eastern slope in stope, it is known that the calculation and reality is consistent, as for relevant engineering, we can draw some useful conclusion that is conductive to geotechnical engineering.更多还原