【作者】 杨青；

【导师】 秦前红；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 法律， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 《中华人民共和国宪法》第129条规定:“中华人民共和国人民检察院是国家的法律监督机关”。该条规定通过根本法的形式确立了人民检察院的法律监督权。 检察监督即我国法律赋予检察机关对职务犯罪进行立案侦查的权力,对刑事案件提起公诉的权力,对刑事诉讼、民事审判和行政诉讼活动进行监督的权力。人民检察院的法律监督权通称检察权,它是法律监督的一种类型。人民检察院的检察监督与国家权力机关监督以及其他监督结合起来形成我国的法律监督体系。 检察监督在我国的法律监督中具有重要的作用,主要表现在:其一,维护国家安全和社会稳定的作用。主要表现在检察机关通过履行公诉等职能追究犯罪人的刑事责任,维护社会的安宁和秩序。其二,保障国家权力的正确行使。检察机关通过履行职务犯罪侦查、公诉等职能,对国家机关和国家工作人员遵守法律的情况进行监督,追究贪污受贿、滥用职权、玩忽职守等犯罪行为,有利于保证国家机关和国家工作人员在法律范围内从事公务活动,促进廉政勤政建设。其三,保障社会公平和正义的实现,检察机关通过履行对诉讼活动的监督职能,促进诉讼活动中的违法情况得到纠正,有利于维护公民和法人的合法权益、清除司法不公和司法腐败,维护司法公正和法制统一。这些作用表明,检察监督是社会主义监督体系中不可或缺的重要一环。首先,在社会主义监督体系中,各种监督尽管对象、范围和方式不同,但是互相促进、互相补充,构成一个有机统一的整体。检察机关法律监督的作用不能被其他监督所替代,同样也不能代替其他监督作用。只有综合运用各种监督,才能保证法律的统一正确实施。其次,由于检察机关法律监督的范围是由法律规定的,因而对超出法定范围的违法现象,检察机关无权进行监督。同时由于法律监督具有规范性的特点,法律关于监督程序和手段的规定是否完备也会影响法律监督的效力,制约检察监督的作用。另外,检察机关对诉讼活动的法律监督基本上是一种建议权和启动程序权,对诉讼中的违法情况提出监督意见,只是启动相应的法律程序,建议有关机关纠正违法,不具有终局或实体处理的效力。诉讼中的违法情况是否得以最终纠正,最终还是要由其他有关机关决定。特别是要解决人民群众反映强烈的更多还原

【Abstract】 《Constitution of the People’s Republic of China》 129th stipulation that, "The people’s procuratorates of the People’s Republic of China are state organs for legal supervision." This stipulation has established People’s Procuratorate’s legal supervisory authority through the fundamental law form.The examination surveillance is our country law entrusts with the procuratorial agency the authority which carries on to the duty crime puts a case on file and begin investigations, mentions the appeal to the form case the authority, to the criminal prosecution, the civil trial and the administrative proceedings activity carries on the surveillance the authority. People’s Procuratorate’s legal supervisory authority is generally called the examination power, it is one of the types of the legal surveillance. People’s Procuratorate’s examination surveillance and the state power institution surveillance and all that surveillance unify form our country the legal surveillance system.The Procuratorate’s surveillance has the maintenance national security and the social stability in our country legal surveillance, the safeguard state power correctly exercises, safeguard social justice and just realization and so on vital role. These functions indicated that, the Procuratorate’s surveillance is in the socialism surveillance system the essential important link. The Procuratorate’s surveillance nature is decided by two aspects, one is the characteristic of the Procuratorate’s surveillance, the other is the localization of the Procuratorate’s surveillance in the state power. The author believed that, the legal surveillance is the essential characteristic of the Procuratorate’s surveillance, the judicial attribute and the administrative attribute both are accessory characteristic s of the Procuratorate’s surveillance concurrently. Any Procuratorate’s surveillance nature assurance all must base on the legal surveillance, gives dual attention to its judicature in this foundation and the administration. And must fundamentallyestablish the examination surveillance in the our country legal science system important status: 1st, sets up the authority of the Procuratorate’s surveillance; 2nd, enhancement Procuratorate’s surveillance validity; 3 realizations examinations surveillance systematic characteristic; 4th, the enhancement Procuratorate’s surveillance may be operational. Only then, can the greatest degree guarantee examination surveillance fairly highly effective carry on in the legal rule scope.The importance of the Procuratorate’s surveillance along with the our country socialist market economy unceasing development, appears day by day. Specially has aroused society’s widespread interest in the punishment society corrupt center importance and takes. The examination surveillance consummation, is the request which our country legislative work unceasingly consummates, also is the socialist market economy development request. Involves the examination surveillance the legal rule to have many insufficiencies, this is does not need doubt, but, the author believed, along with society’s unceasing progress and the legislative work unceasing consummation, the examination surveillance legal system also will tend to the consummation.更多还原