【作者】 钟晓星；

【导师】 陈远；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 情报学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 项目管理是一门应用型学科,随着项目管理理论的发展和成熟,项目管理的实践方法和技术已受到广泛重视,人们开始在许多行业中实践项目管理理论,而IT行业则是项目管理应用极为广泛的领域之一。就IT行业本身来看,国内外的多次统计调查都表明尽管IT项目的投入不断增加,其成功率并不理想,即所谓的“IT黑洞”。造成这一问题的原因有很多,但都集中在管理上。相对于IT行业技术的发展,IT项目的管理水平急待提高。在项目管理理论相对成熟的情况下,研究适用于IT项目的管理方法和技术成为提高IT项目管理水平的主要手段。本文是对IT项目管理方法中非常重要的一部分——定量管理方法的探讨。 在项目管理发展过程中,已出现了许多定量管理方法,而且有些方法已取得很好的实践效果。但这些方法大都发端于传统的工程项目,IT业作为一种新兴的行业,它与传统的工程项目相比存在许多本质差异,这影响了某些方法的应用条件和效果。而IT行业在发展过程中,也产生了许多本行业独有的项目管理方法。本文试图在广泛搜集这些定量管理方法的基础上对这些方法在IT项目中的适用性和有效性作一些初步分析。 本文共分六个部分。第一个部分是概述,包括对项目管理及相关概念的介绍、国内外IT项目管理水平的介绍及定量管理重要性的分析。并重点分析了IT项目的特点。定量管理方法在IT项目中的应用分析必须基于IT项目特点。不是所有的项目管理领域都需要定量化管理,第一部分的最后从估算和度量两个角度介绍了需要定理管理的领域。 第二至第五部分是对定量管理方法的分学科的介绍。项目管理从发展之初就广泛采用了其它相关学科的方法和技术,而IT业本身也有一些独有的定量管理方法。第二至第五部分根据学科分类,分别介绍了源于运筹学、概率论和统计学、软件工程及经济学的定量管理方法的基本原理。 为说明前面几个部分介绍的定量管理方法的实际应用,在第六部分给出了一个IT项目的实例。由于这些定量管理方法的应用领域有交叉,因此在这个实例中只选用了其中的几个方法。 在分析介绍了这些定量管理方法的基本原理的基础上,本文的最后一个部分根据其适用领域和IT项目的特点,分析总结了各种定量管理方法在IT项目中的适用性和有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Project management is a practical subject. With the development and maturation of the project management theoretic, there are more and more people who take notice of project management practical methods and techniques, and begin to carry out these methods and techniques in their careers. It’s information technology trade that is one of domains in which project management has been applied extensively. As to information technology trade, the results of surveys show that although the investment has been increasing, the success ratio of information project is not satisfactory. This phenomenon is known as information technology black hole. The causes of this problem focus on management. Comparing with the rapid development of technologies, project management level of information technology must been improved. For the maturation of the project management theoretic, the research on the methods and techniques, which are pertinent to information technology projects, has become the important way to improve the information management project management level. This thesis discusses the quantitative management methods that form one important part of information technology project management methods.In the course of the development of project management, there have been lots of quantitative management methods, and some of these methods have been applied well in practices. But most of these methods are originated from traditional engineering project. As an new trade, Information technology project is different with traditional engineering project, which influences the application conditions and effects of some methods. In the course of the development of information technology trade, there are some particular methods too. This thesis tries to collect that quantitative methods widely and analyze the applicability and validity of these methods in information technology projects.This thesis includes five parts. The first is generality part. After introducing the concept of project management and other relative things, and project management level, this part analyzes the import of quantitative management in project management and the feature of information technology project. The application of quantitative management methods in information technology project must be analyzed on the basis of these features. Not all of project management fields need quantitative management. The last of this part introduces the fields that need quantitative management from two aspects of estimation and measurement.From the second part to the fifth part, this thesis introduces these quantitative methods that have been classified with their source subject. In the course of development, project management adopts lots of other relative subject’s methods and techniques. And there are some particular quantitative management methods in information technology trade. This thesis introduces the principles ofquantitative management methods from operational research, probability and statistics, software engineering and economic.The sixth part makes use of an example of information technology to illuminate the practical application of these quantitative management methods. Since some quantitative methods have same application fields, this example selects some of these methods.The last part analyzes and concludes the applicability and validity of these quantitative management methods in information technology project on the basis of the application fields of methods and the feature of information technology project.更多还原