【作者】 徐春梅；

【导师】 潘笑；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 生产过程的自动控制,一般要求保持过程进行中的有关参数为一个定值或按一定规律变化,由于工业生产各不相同,生产过程本身又大多比较复杂,这样就给对被控对象的认识带来困难。由于对象特性辨识的困难,要设计出适应不同对象的控制系统就更加不容易。PID控制是最早发展起来的控制策略之一,由于其算法简单、鲁棒性好和可靠性高,被广泛应用于工业过程控制,尤其适用于可建立精确数学模型的确定性控制系统。 本文旨在充分发挥遗传算法的特点,提高PID控制系统设计和控制品质。本文包括六个章节,第二章是关于遗传算法的基础理论;第三章是关于系统辨识与建模的概念以及在本文中的应用;第四章是关于基于遗传算法的两种PID控制的参数优化和在双容水箱控制系统中的应用。 首先,对于任何控制系统而言,我们都应该对它的结构有一定的了解,才能谈到控制,所以,本文首先通过分层遗传算法对系统的结构和参数进行了共同辨识,得出了双容水箱系统模型和相应的参数值。 然后,根据上述模型在双容水箱控制系统中应用了两种PID控制策略:基于自适应遗传算法的PID控制和基于改进遗传算法的二自由度PID控制。对于两种PID控制策略来说,最关键的部分在于如何优化控制器参数,在本文中我们采用了遗传算法这一新型的优化搜索方法,并取得了较好的效果。 本文的最后部分简单介绍了上位监控的软件实现和下位数据采集的硬件实现。更多还原

【Abstract】 In process control, we should keep parameter as a amount or transformation according a regulation. Because situation is not parity and they are complication, we cann’ t know them easily. PID control is one of control games early, its algorithms is ease and reliability is good, so PID control has be applied on process control extensively. Especially it is suitable for control system which we can fond mathematical model.This paper aims at improving the control system design and control quality through the full use of genetic algorithms. This paper includes six chapters. The second chapter is about Genetic Algorithms theory. The third chapter is about system identification and modeling. The fourth chapter is about two kinds of PID control based on GA.For any control system, we should know its structure then we can control it later. So in this paper, we identify structure and parameter of coupled-tanks system firstly. We have find the model and parameter of coupled-tanks system.Then we used two kinds of PID control games on coupled-tanks system. They are PID controller based on auto GA and two degree of freedom PID controller based on improved GA. For two kinds of PID controller, we know how to optimize parameter is a key problem. In this paper, we select the Genetic Algorithms as a search way and get good effect.The last part of this paper is about software realizing and hardware introducing of controlling process.更多还原