软件自动化测试技术及应用研究

【作者】 应杭；

【导师】 李善平；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 计算机应用， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着现代信息技术的飞速发展,软件业竞争日趋激烈,软件系统日益复杂,对于软件功能、性能的要求不断提高,同时软件推出新版本的时间不断缩短。在这种情况下如何保证软件质量成为企业关注的重点。 仅仅依靠以密集劳动为特征的传统手工测试,已经不能满足快节奏软件开发和测试的需求。自动化为测试为此提供了成功解决方案。自动化测试是测试体系中新发展起来的一个分支,实施正确合理的自动化测试能够分担手工测试特别是回归测试的工作量,降低性能测试的难度,从而在保证软件质量的前提下,缩短测试周期,降低软件成本。 本文阐述了自动化测试相关概念和理论,概括和比较了其适用范围、工具分类和组织结构,进而以自动化为主线贯穿软件测试过程中的单元级别测试、系统级别功能测试和性能测试,深入分析了多种自动化关键原理和技术;然后结合现代企业级软件开发的特点,根据自动化测试的设计原则和不同阶段采用的自动化测试技术,从单元、系统和性能测试角度构建了企业自动化测试框架;最后以一个企业级信息平台开发项目MYSSC中的实践经验证明了自动化测试在企业软件开发过程的实用性,解决了传统软件测试中遇到的难题。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of information science and technology, complexity in today’s computer system is higher than ever, bringing about the need for more thorough testing to sustain the tolerable level of reliability. Competition in today’s software industry is tougher than ever, stimulated by the consumers with high expectations of functionality and performance growth, as well as continuous faster time to market. How to keep the quality of product under such pressures becomes the key point for these organizations to achieve success.In order to do more with less, organizations want to test their software better and more often while faster and cheaper. Depending on only manual test, which is featured by labor-intensive, costly and time-consuming, could no longer meet these needs. Automated testing, a rising technique in software testing industry, is the ultimate means to this end. If employed correctly , it could take over a great amount of heavy work from manual testing, eg, in regression test and performance test, hence shorten the software QA lifecycle and cut the cost, without losing high quality of product.In this paper, concepts and theories related with automated testing were first discussed. Then with the cue of automation, key techniques within unit test, system test and performance test phase, including Daily/Nightly build, Capture/Replay, Object Recognition, Data-driven, Keyword-Driven and Performance Profiling were analyzed in depth. Further, following the automated testing design principle, an Enterprise Automation Test Framework is constructed from the above three perspectives. Finally, the practice in an enterprise information system -My.StateStreet.Com was studied and the analysis was presented to show the feasibility of employing automated testing in enterprise software development lifecycle.更多还原