【作者】 黄鸿；

【导师】 杜道生；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 我国现阶段公路交通运输发展十分迅速,但同时其运营及管理等多方面都存在诸多问题,比如交通拥挤、管理水平不高、运行效能较低等,严重制约和影响了公路交通网络的使用效力,不能最优化的服务于大众生活和社会经济发展。引入新的思路、采用新的技术来促进公路管理水平的提高是势在必行的,GIS-T就是其中的重要组成部分。 GIS-T (Geographic Information System for Transportation),即交通地理信息系统,就是为了研究和解决交通运输中存在的问题而设计开发的地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,简称GIS),是GIS技术在交通领域中的应用和延伸,是GIS的一个重要分支,是公路、铁路、水路、航空、管网和通讯线路等线性空间要素分析和建模的工具,也是研究地理要素沿线性网络运动、变化和发展的有力手段。 在深入研究了GIS-T的产生发展及其众多应用实例之后,结合当前主流IT技术的现状与发展趋势,作者认为应该将GIS-T视为有关交通空间数据采集、加工、建库、空间分析和制图输出的工具包(toolkit),作为公路管理信息化的核心技术基础之一。基于这样的认识,作者对GIS-T在公路管理领域各个方面的具体应用进行了总结、概括与抽象,按其层次、应用目的的差别划分成多个基本模块,从而在整体上形成一个协同的、统一体系结构的中间件。 然后,充分发挥中间件的无缝集成的优势,将GIS-T中间件广泛应用于公路日常管理中的公路养护、公路工程管理、路政管理等多个业务管理信息系统中,实现了公路空间数据、路普数据、业务数据之间的共享与交换,实现了GIS-T与公路管理各个业务系统的协同工作、实现了GIS-T与公路管理领域的应用模型的集成计算与评价,从而为GIS-T在公路管理领域的广泛深入应用提供了领先的技术框架和应用模式,使得GIS-T真正能够全方位的、多层次的辅助公路管理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays, Chinese road transportation is very rapidly developing, but there are many problems with its management, for example, traffic jam, low level of management and running efficiency, all of which are seriously restricting and effecting the use of road transportation network, consequently it can’t farthest serve popular living and national economic development. It is imperative to introduce and adopt new ideas and techniques to enhance road management, of which GIS-T is one of most important.GIS-T, is one type of GIS which is designed to study and solve the problems occurring in transportation, is a GIS applied in transportation scopes, is an important branch of GIS, is a tool which is used for modeling and analyzing such linear geographic features as road, railway, waterway, aviation, pipe network and communication circuitry, and is also a powerful means by which the movement, development of linear geographic features are being studying.After studying GIS-Ts development and many of its application instances, combining with current dominant information techniques, and the author consider GIS-T should be regarded as a toolkit dealing with gathering and processing traffic spatial data, spatial analysis as well as cartographic output, and as one of the core technical foundations of modern road management. On these basis, the author summarized, generalized and abstracted various GIS-T application in road management, then divided into several basic modules by its level and application purpose, so a cooperative and united architecture midware was gained.Thereafter, the GIS-T midware was widely integrated and applied in such daily management as road maintenance, road project, road administration, etc. and then, these subsystems can share and exchange road spatial data, road investigation data and road business data; GIS-T can cooperate with road business management systems; the road application models can utilize GIS-T in computation and evaluation. In general, the GIS-T midware provided the GIS-T’s wide and deep application in road management with advanced technical architecture and pattern, so that GIS-T can indeed assist road management in all levels and all-around.更多还原