【作者】 赵小明；

【导师】 杜佩轩； 沈远超；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 矿物、岩石、矿床学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 过去数十年中,随着地表找矿的深入,许多出露地表和近地表矿床已被发现,今后找矿的主体将进入隐伏阶段。隐伏矿的深部定位预测一直是矿产资源预测中的一项急迫而又艰难的课题,而探索矿体空间定位机制和定位规律与表征方法、多源预测信息的有效提取与优化方法、隐伏矿体定位预测的有效方法组合则是今后隐伏矿定位预测的发展趋势。本论文诣在利用γ能谱法、X荧光光谱法两种野外简易地球化学找矿方法对新疆和布克塞尔蒙古自治县阔尔真阔腊金矿床残积土发育的中矿段、南矿段进行γ能谱—X荧光勘探扫面,圈定出与金矿有密切成因联系的隐伏热液蚀变带,寻找找矿靶区,进行找矿预测。具体的研究方法是:1) 在以往地质资料、现场地质观察的基础上对矿区出露的围岩、蚀变岩加以划分;2) 使用γ能谱仪、野外X荧光仪对各种围岩、蚀变岩测试,得出它们的γ能谱—野外X荧光特征,3) 将矿区各种岩石、不同类型的热液蚀变岩、与金矿有密切成因联系的热液蚀变岩作丫能谱—X荧光特征对比,总结出识别标致,建立γ能谱—X荧光找矿模型;4) 对矿区进行γ能谱—X荧光勘探扫面,圈定异常区,得出异常的γ能谱—X荧光特征,结合成矿地质条件地质进行找矿预测。经勘探,得到五个与找矿模型相符的γ能谱—X荧光异常,结合成矿地质条件分析,认为这五个异常极可能是由矿化所引起,可能存在新的隐伏矿体。同时通过在本区首次应用γ能谱法和X荧光法并结合地质观察进行成矿预测工作,可以得到以下几点认识:1) γ能谱法和X荧光法是快速、轻便、灵敏、成本低的有效方法。可以在野外现场快速圈定与金矿化密切相关的多元素异常信息。不仅大大减少了要采集和分析的样品数量,而且减少地质取样的盲目性,把现场测量成果与地质研究密切结合,指导找矿预测,具有很好的应用前景。2) γ能谱法和X荧光法组合在火山热液型金矿中圈定不同的类型热液蚀变的应用是可行的,也为在阔尔真阔腊金矿区及外围进行金矿体的定位预测提供了十分有意义的资料。3) 以地质研究为基础,结合其他物化探方法进行对比和综合分析,可为找矿预测提供更多有用的信息。更多还原

【Abstract】 With upper deposits exploration continuing, a lot of exposed upper or near-upper deposits have been discovered and insidious deposit exploration is becoming the main direction of deposit exploration in the past decades. The orientation forecast of insidious deposits is always imperative and difficult subject; therefore the developmental tendency will aim at the grope of the dimensional orientation mechanism and rule, token methods, the effective extraction and the method-optimization of the various forecast information and the effective method-combination of the insidious deposit for the future. The author carried out γ -ray spectra and x-ray fluorescence exploration, acquired heated-fluid alteration zones closely relevant to insidious deposits and outline prospecting area for the orientation forecast of insidious deposits in Xinjiang Kuoerzhenkuola Gold deposits. The material method is as follow: 1) plotting out wall rocks and alteration rocks based on last geological data and local observation ;2)measuring all kinds of stratums and alteration rocks by γ -ray spectra and x-ray fluorescence and acquiring γ -ray spectrometric and x-ray fluorescence feature of them;3)comparing characteristics of stratums , different types of heated fluid alteration rocks and heated fluid alteration rocks closely relevant to the golden mineralization , generalizing discriminating tokens and founding the γ -ray spectra and x-ray fluorescence prospecting model.4) carrying out γ -ray spectra and x-ray fluorescence exploration ,acquiring abnormity zones and prospecting by comparing abnormity characteristics with the prospecting model and analyzing ore-forming geological conditions. After exploration, five γ -ray spectra and x-ray fluorescence abnormity zones match the prospecting model. Based on ore-forming geological conditions analyzing, they are suggested that five γ -ray spectra and x-ray fluorescence abnormity zones are possibly by mineralization and new insidious deposits possibly exist.Meanwhile, the following cognations are obtained: 1 ) γ -ray spectra and x-ray fluorescence are fast, light, sensitive and economical methods. Multi-element abnormity information closely relevant to the golden mineralization can rapidly be obtained on the spot, which can not only reduce the sample number that requires collection and analysis but also combine spot measure with geology research ,avoiding sampling blindness. This can guide prospecting with promising application prospect. 2) It is feasible that the combining of the two techniques can work well in distinguishing different types of heated-fluid alteration. This provides meaningful data for prospecting in Xinjiang Kuoerzhenkuola Gold deposits identifying different types of heated-fluid alteration.3)Morc useful information for prospecting is obtained by contrasting and synthesizing geological data by combining physical and chemical exploration.更多还原