臭氧—活性炭联用处理城市生活污水研究

【作者】 李勇；

【导师】 刘国光； 吴馥萍；

【作者基本信息】 广东工业大学 ， 环境工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 当前,在大多数城市用水中都存在不同程度的缺水现象,有些城市的缺水现象还十分严重,另一方面大量的城市污水又白白流失,既浪费了资源,又污染了环境。和城市供水量几乎相等的城市污水中,只有0.1%的污染物质,比海水中3.5%少得多,其中绝大部分是可以再利用的清水,其再生处理比海水淡化成本低廉,基建投资比远距离引水经济得多,而且城市污水就近可得,易于收集。因此,加强城市生活污水作为第二水源回用方面的研究工作显得极为迫切。 本文实验是将生活污水首先进行厌氧和好氧二级生化处理,出水再依次经过臭氧塔、陶滤塔与活性炭塔对其进行深度处理。实验结果表明:二级生化处理其COD去除率为70%左右,对总磷和总氮的降解率较低,尤其是在总磷和总氮的含量很高时处理效果更加不理想;二级生化处理出水如果单独再经过臭氧塔处理,其COD去除率为36%,总磷和总氮的去除率分别为42%和58%;二级生化处理出水如果单独再经过活性炭塔处理,则其COD去除率为50%,总磷和总氮的去除率分别为48%和67%;由此可见,如果二级生化处理出水再单独使用臭氧或活性炭塔处理,在实验条件下其水质达不到回用的要求,如果增加臭氧和活性炭的用量,虽然有可能使出水水质变好,但处理成本会大大增加。为此,我们又研究了二级生化处理出水再依次经过臭氧塔、陶滤塔与活性炭塔的联合深度处理工艺,该处理工艺其COD去除率为72.8%,阴离子表面活性剂去除率为90.9%,石油类的去除率为78.8%,总磷和总氮的去除率分别为73.8%和82.7%,最后出水可直接用于城市绿化、冲厕、扫除及洗车等,具有良好的环境、社会和经济效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 Currently, with under-water all has the different degree in the majority city lacks the water phenomenon, some cities lack the water phenomenon extremely are also serious, on the other hand the massive cities sewage and drains in vain, both wasted the resources, also polluted the environment. With the city for the water volume nearly equal city sewage in, only has 0.1% pollution matter, 3.5% are much less than the sea water in, major part is may the again use clear water, its regeneration processing is more inexpensive than the sea water desalination cost, the initial cost pilots the economy compared to the long-distance range many, moreover the city sewage nearby may result in, is easy to collect. Therefore, strengthens the city life sewage takes the second water source sales commission aspect the research work appears extremely urgently. This article tests is lives the sewage first carries on tires of oxygen friendly oxygen two levels of biochemistry processing, the water leakage in turn after the ozone tower, the ceramic filters again the tower and the activated charcoal tower carries on to it depth processing. The experimental result indicates: Two levels of biochemistry process its COD remove rate are about 70%, is lower to the total phosphorus and the total nitrogen degeneration rate, in particular in total phosphorus and total nitrogen content very high when processes the effect is not more ideal; Two levels of biochemistry processing water leakage if alone again passes through ozone tower processing, its COD remove rate is 36%, the total phosphorus and total nitrogen remove rate separately is 42% and 58%; Two levels of biochemistry processing water leakage if alone again passes through activated charcoal tower processing, then its COD remove rate is 50%, the total phosphorus and total nitrogen remove rate separately is 48% and 67%; Thus it can be seen, if two levels of biochemistry processing water leakage again independent employment ozone or activated charcoal tower processing, its water quality does not reach the sales commission request under the experimental condition, if increase ozone and activated charcoal amount used, although has the possibility make the water leakage water quality to improve, but the processing cost can greatly increase. Therefore, we studied two levels of biochemistry processing water leakage again in turn after the ozone tower, the ceramic filter the tower and the activated charcoaltower union depth processing craft again, this place principle craft its COD remove rate was 72.8%, anionic surfactant medicinal preparation remove rate was 90.9%, petroleum class remove rate was 78.8%, the total phosphorus and total nitrogen remove rate separately was 73.8% and 82.7%, the final water leakage might directly use in the city afforests, flushes the restroom, eliminates and washes the vehicle and so on, had the good environment, the society and the economic efficiency.更多还原