【作者】 姚卫棠；

【导师】 韩效钊；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 化学工艺， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文综述了国内外钾长石提钾的研究现状,通过XRD、TG-DTA等表征手段,对宁国地区钾长石进行了理化性能表征;并以NaCl、CaCl₂、SrCl₂、BaCl₂为添加剂,研究焙烧温度、添加剂用量对提钾效果的影响,发现在添加剂熔点温度附近,提钾效果发生突变。用XRD测试技术对钾长石焙烧前后及与添加剂共焙烧后的水不溶物进行了物相分析。结果表明,铝硅氧网络结构未破坏,共焙烧提钾机理为离子交换。与钾长石中钾离子交换能力大小顺序为:Na⁺>Ca²⁺>Sr²⁺>Ba²⁺,与理论推测完全一致。其中,NaCl、CaCl₂为添加剂效果较好,高于熔点温度焙烧时,钾离子交换度皆在90%以上。以离子交换机理为依据,开发出了反应条件比较温和的由钾长石提钾新工艺,研究了助剂用量、反应温度、物料配比等因素对钾离子交换度的影响,通过正交实验得出最佳工艺条件:温度250℃;助剂用量2.23ml;配料比m（添加剂）:m（钾长石）=1:1,钾长石中K₂O溶出率可达92%以上。用XRD对水不溶物进行了物相分析,验证了新工艺反应机理属于离子交换。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper has summarized the research conditions of potash feldspar at China and abroad. The physical and chemical properties of potash feldspar of Anhui Ningguo have been characterized by XRD , TG-DTA etc. The extraction of potassium from potash feldspar with four additives NaCl, CaCl₂, SrCl₂ and BaCl₂ has been studied. The calcinations temperature and the dose of additives that effect the extraction of potassium were discussed, and great changes have been taken place on the efficiency of potassium extraction at near the melting points of additives. The phase compositions of potash feldspar and it’s calcined, and water insoluble substances of co-calcining of potash feldspar with additives were analyzed by XRD. The experiment results shown that the aluminsiloxane network structures were not damaged after calcining, and the mechanism of potassium extraction by co-calcining was ion -exchange. It was shown that the order of exchange capabilities of potassium extraction of additives was Na⁺ >Ca²⁺>Sr²⁺>Ba²⁺, which were consistent with that of theoretical predication. Furthermore, as the calcining temperature is over the melting points of NaCl or CaCl₂, it was also shown that both of additives were much better than others and the potassium ion - exchange degrees were more than 90%.With the ion-exchange theory, a very gender reaction condition of new process has been researched. The effects of the dose of additives, reaction temperature and ratios of reactants on the potassium ion -exchange degrees were researched and the optimum technological parameters were determined by means of quadrature experiment. At last the optimum operation conditions were confirmed as follow, 250℃, additives:2.23ml, m（additives）:m（potash feldspar）=l:l. The phase compositions of water insoluble substances of products were analyzed by XRD and the reaction mechanism of the new process was also belong ion-exchange. Test results show a recovery of up to 92%.更多还原