基于Nios Ⅱ的LED显示屏控制系统的研究

【作者】 孙伟；

【导师】 龚兆岗； 杨忠根；

【作者基本信息】 上海海事大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着信息社会的到来,人们对信息的依靠程度越来越紧密,及时的信息使得人们生活更便利,还能够预防灾害的发生!LED显示屏系统作为信息发布系统一种方式,正得到更多人的青睐。它的应用场合极广,如:高速公路、机场、车站、码头、体育场所、展览馆等场所的信息发布。就目前的LED显示屏控制技术来说仍有一定的局限性,主要表现是外围电路复杂,升级难;通信方式单一;稳定性、可靠性低等。 基于Nios Ⅱ软核的嵌入式LED显示屏控制系统,就能很好的解决以上提到的问题,改进当前的显示质量。这样就能把原来CPU+CPLD硬件组合形式实现的功能仅用一块FPGA芯片来实现。这需要在FPGA内实现32位的微处理器和LED显示屏扫描及采集工作状态所要求的硬件逻辑,这种方式在业界还是前沿的技术。研究的内容主要有以下几个方面: 1.基于Nios Ⅱ的LED显示屏控制系统的构成和核心控制器的架构。 2.SOPC技术,并用此技术构造出一个32位的Nios Ⅱ软核处理器。 3.用Verilog HDL构造IP核的方法,并构造出一个IP核。 4.通信方式的研究,包括串口、以太网方式、USB的研究。 本设计采用的是Altera公司的Cyclone系列中的EP1C6Q240芯片,利用SOPC技术构造由Nios Ⅱ软核处理器和硬件显示逻辑组成的系统。此系统把一个完整产品的各个功能模块集成到这一快FPGA芯片上,包括Nios Ⅱ处理器、片内存储器、存储器接口、外围设备接口I/O(各种通信接口、显示接口等)、模数转换接口等,构成一个可编程的片上系统。从系统的角度提出了LED显示屏控制系统完整的设计方案。 首先在Quatus Ⅱ中进行仿真,从理论上验证其可行性;然后在实际的实验中,先以开发板加外围显示电路方式,验证所需的各种功能,从实际上验证其可行性。最后根据需要设计电路原理图,加工出电路板,制作出控制器,调试通过后最终形成产品。本文完成了前两步进行了验证,已经画出电路原理图,经过进一步的研究很快最终形成产品。 结果表明,利用Cyclone芯片设计实现LED显示屏控制器具有成本低、开发周期短、软硬件升级方便、控制性能好等特点,优势明显。基于Nios Ⅱ的LED显示屏控制器的研究开发,必然推动LED显示系统的进一步发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with information society arrival, people are more and more close to information. The prompt information can enable people to live conveniently and prevent disaster occurrence! The LED display panel system, as one way to issue information, is obtaining more people’s favor. As the tool of issuing information, its application situation is extremely broad such as highway, airport, station, wharf, sports place, exhibition hall, etc. But there is some limitation on present LED display panel control technology. Its’ peripheral circuit is more and more complex and hard to update, the way of communication is unitary, and the reliability and stability is low.The above questions can be effectively resolved by using the embedded LED display panel control system based on the Nios II soft core and the quality of display is also improved. In this way, the function of the original CPU+CPLD combination can be realized by one FPGA chip. It needs to realize a 32-bit Nios II CPU adding with the hardware logic of the LED display panel scan and the work conditions collector in a FPGA chip, which is on the edge of this field.The research content has mainly the following several aspects:1. The block diagram of LED display panel control system based on NiosII and the architecture of its core controller.2. The technologies of SOPC, Designing a 32 bits Nios II CPU with SOPC.3. The research of making an IP core with Verilog HDL and really makingan IP core.4. The study of communication modes, including of serial ports, Ethernet, USB.The EP1C6Q240 chip of Altera Corporation’s Cyclone family is used in this design. The system of Nios II CPU and hardware display logic composition is designed with SOPC. Each function module of a complete product are integrated on a FPGA chip, including Nios II CPU, on-chip memory, the interface of memory, the interface peripheral such as all kinds of communicate interface, display interface, A/D interface and so on, which makes a System on Programmable Chip. The intact scheme of designing isput forward from the systematic angle.Firstly, the simulation is carried on in Quatus II in order to theoretically confirm its feasibility. Secondly, in the actual experiment the functions are confirmed on the peripheral display circuit and development board in order to real confirm its feasibility. Lastly, schematic is designed according to need, PCB is produced and the controller is manufactured. The first two steps have been completed, and the schematic has been drawn. It is fast to form the production by further research.The result indicates that there is much superiority, such as low cost, short period of development, easy updating and good performance of control. The research and development of LED display panel control system based on Nios II can inevitably impel its further development.更多还原