港口企业的增值效应研究

【作者】 吴斌；

【导师】 刘伟；

【作者基本信息】 上海海事大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着全球经济一体化进程的不断加快,世界航运贸易事业正得到空前的发展。 为顺应经济全球化的发展趋势,我国港口企业正面临着严峻的挑战:首先,由于全球的竞争格局已经发生变化,主要表现在全球性的企业兼并与重组浪潮,其结果是优胜劣汰,垄断性竞争市场进一步发展;其次,是全球服务格局将发生变化,这种变化表现在未来企业的模式将从传统上消极地满足客户客观需求的被动性服务,向主动引导客户主观需求,并提供全套解决方案的创造性服务发生转变。 长期以来,我国港口虽然吞吐量规模庞大,运输功能发达,港口企业的管理体制也已经摆脱了“政企合一”的范围,但我国港口企业仍无法自主决策、灵活经营,致使与港口关联的临港工业、商贸业、运输业、港口服务业以及现代物流都得不到相应的发展,港口功能结构不合理,且较为单一;相关产业发展不均衡,致使港口价值链短,辐射能力有限。这也表明了港口企业增值效应并没有最大化,而且,这又导致了整个航运增值链同样无法发挥最大效应,要解决这些问题,我们就需要对港口企业的整个价值链的运行情况及影响港口企业增值效应的因素做出分析后才可以进行,因此对港口企业的增值效应做全面的研究是非常必要和迫切的。 本篇论文运用成本管理及控制、顾客价值等一些理论,结合今年上海市发改委项目《“十一五”期间上海建设国际航运中心阶段性目标、主要瓶劲问题以及推进思路研究》中“从航运产业链、价值链角度研究上海航运中心建设的关键因素及其对策措施”课题,对港口企业增值效应及影响因素进行分析,剖析港口企业的增值机理,并运用投入产出分析法,结合上海集装箱股份有限公司的实际数据,对港口企业的增值效应进行分析。以此为基础,提出相应提升港口企业增值效应的方法和策略的建议。 研究认为影响当前港口企业增值效应的主要因素是总成本控制和顾客满意度,要使港口企业增值效应最大化,就需要去除“不增值”价值活动和优化“增值”价值活动,使总成本持续下降,形成最优作业链;并进一步,得到顾客的期望价值,形成顾客价值链。本文认为,当且仅当此两条链条最优化时,港口企业增值效应才能最大化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the process of integration with the global economy going ahead increasingly fast, the business of the world transportation trade has come to unprecedented progress.To accord with global economic trends, port corporations of China are facing a serious challenge. As the challenge pattern of the world has changed in a wave of annexation and reorganization of enterprises, the result is the survival of the fittest, and the competitive market will be further developed. Secondly, the pattern of the world service will change, which will bring about the fact that the pattern of the future corporations will be transformed from the traditional passive service of granting customers’ impersonal demands to creative service of active leading customers to their subjective demands and providing the whole solution.For a long time, port corporations of China have had giant throughput and have greatly developed their transportation function, and the system of ports corporations has also get rid of the area of combination of legislature and administration. Port corporations cannot make decisions on their own and operate flexibly. It makes the business relating to ports, such as industry by ports, trade, transportation, port service and modern logistic, not have corresponding development, and the structure of port function unsuitable and much single. The development of relating business is not balanced, thus making industry chain too short and radiant ability limited. It also shows that port corporations’ value chain hasn’t exerted itself and achieved its maximal effect, the whole ship corporations’ incremental chain bringing the same result to. We can solve these problems after having analyzing the performance of the whole value chain of port corporations and the factors influencing ports incremental effect. For this reason, it is essential at the moment to make a deep study on incremental effect of port corporations.This paper applies a few theories, such as management of value chain,management and control of cost, and customer satisfaction. From the view point of the value chain, we analyze the sector of port corporations under ship incremental chain and apply input-output analysis, based on the actual data from the shanghai container stock company, to incremental chain of port corporations. On this basis, we lodge relevant on the means and strategies of advancing incremental effect of port corporations.The study consider that the mostly factors which can effect incremental effect of ports are total cost control and customer satisfaction. In order to make the incremental effect maximize, we need wipe off "the no incremental task" and optimize "incremental task". We should make total cost decrease sostenuto, to optimize the task chain. On this basis, we can got customers’ anticipate of value and form a customer value chain. When we optimize these two chains, then we can maximize the incremental effect.更多还原