气液两相管流技术研究及其工艺计算软件开发

【作者】 张友波；

【导师】 李长俊；

【作者基本信息】 西南石油学院 ， 油气储运工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着石油工业的发展,多相流已成为一门新的学科,多相混合输送在石油工业中的重要性及经济性已日益体现。由于多相输送与单相输送有很大的不同,因此必须先从理论上深入研究多相流动的机理,揭示多相流动的本质,以更好的设计和管理多相流管线。本文主要研究了两相管流在石油工业中的应用并开发出了相应的工艺计算软件,具体说来,主要从以下几个方面进行了研究: 文中研究了不同的持液率计算经验公式,各计算公式均有不同的适用条件,在现场应用时要根据具体的情况选择相应的计算公式。通过现场生产数据,优选出了适合现场的经验公式。并对其中一种计算模型进行了深入剖析,得出其修正方法。 多相流中流型判断是关键,不同的流型,将直接影响到管线的工艺参数。本文研究了流型图和经验公式对流型的判断方法。在工艺计算模型方面,基于均相流模型、飘移流模型和流型模型,对压降和温度的计算进行了全面的研究,深入研究了组合模型的算法,对相同的现场条件,用不同的组合模型得出的结果有较大的差别。 根据质量守恒、动量守恒和能量守恒等关系式,深入讨论了湿天然气稳态和瞬态计算模型,并对模型进行了求解,结合算例给出了具体的说明,在软件开发中也着重考虑了湿天然气管线的稳态和瞬态计算情况。 文中研究了井筒中多相流动的压力、温度分布情况,算例表明,按流型计算压力变化时,计算结果要优于直接用经验公式进行计算。 段塞流作为多相流动中的特殊流型,文中详细讨论了段塞流发生、存在的情况,对消除严重段塞流的方法进行了深入研究,基于经验公式和双流体模型对段塞流工艺参数的计算进行了讨论。 开发出了气液两相管流工艺计算软件(OGTPP),该软件计算功能强大,操作性强,适用范围广,可用于指导多相流管线的设计和管理。 本文通过对气液两相管流的系统研究,对多相流管线的设计、管理等方面有一定的实用指导意义,研究结果对现场作业可提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of petroleum industry, the multiphase flow has been a new subject, at the same time the importance and economy of multiphase mixture transportation have embodied in the petroleum industry. Multiphase mixture transportation differ form single phase transportation, so we must study the mechanism deeply and reveal the substance of multiphase flow from the theory firstly, on the base of which, we can better design and administer the multiphase flow pipelines. This paper researches the application of two-phase pipeline flow in petroleum industry and develops the technique calculate software. In a word, this paper includes several parts as follow:Various experiential formulas for holdup calculation are researched in this paper; all these formulas should be applied in accordance with different conditions. According to the concrete circumstances, we should select the homologous holdup calculation formula in the field. Based on the produce data, we select several experiential formulas, which could better apply in the field. In addition, the author analyzes detailed one calculation model and puts forward the correct method for the model to apply in the field.For the multiphase flow, judging the flow type is one of the most important problems. Different flow type would influence technique parameters of the pipeline directly. In this paper, flow type map and experiential formulas are researched to judge flow type. In the part of technique calculation model, calculation methods of pressure drop and temperature are studied comprehensively, which based on the homogeneous phase flow model, drift flux model and flow type model. In addition, the author studies deeply the algorithm of combination model. Even upon the same condition, different combination model would develop various results.According to the formulas such as the mass conservation, momentum conservation, and conservation of energy, the steady and transient calculated model of the wet natural gas pipeline are discussed deeply. The solution of the model is studied and the concrete explanation is also provided with the calculate example. The steady and transient model calculated conditions of the wet natural pipeline have been considered in the software.This paper researches the distribution conditions of pressure and temperature of multiphase flow in wellbore. The calculated example suggested that calculated results from the flow type are better than that from the experiential formulas when calculate the pressure drop.As a specific flow type in multiphase flow, slug has been discussed detailed in this paper. This paper analyzes the occurring and existing conditions of slug, and investigates deeply on eliminating methods of severe slugging flow. Based on the experiential formulas and two-fluid model, the calculation of slug technology parameter also be discussed detailed.In the end, oil gas two-phase pipeline flow technology calculate software (OGTPP) is developed with the features of powerful calculating function, simply operation and wide application, it can be used to instructdesign and management for the multiphase flow pipelines.Through the system investigation for gas-liquid two-phase pipeline flow in this paper, the research would have some instruction significance for the design and management of multiphase flow pipeline. The study results could provide reference for the field work.更多还原