【作者】 赵金香；

【导师】 孙会；

【作者基本信息】 吉林农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验研究了在仔猪日粮中添加酵母铁及硫酸亚铁对仔猪生长性能、免疫机能、生理生化指标及组织铁含量等方面的影响,并对仔猪饲粮中酵母铁适宜的添加量进行了探索。 本试验采用单因子完全随机区组试验设计。随机将20头健康仔猪分成5组,每组4个重复,单圈饲养,日喂3次,自由饮水。预饲期7d,试验期为21d。对照组日粮采用基础日粮添加硫酸亚铁组成(铁,150mg/kg),试验组日粮采用基础日粮添加酵母铁组成,其中试验1、2、3、4组酵母铁添加浓度分别为30mg/kg、60mg/kg、150mg/kg和300mg/kg。试验期第一天及最后一天称重,并在试验期内记录采食量、腹泻率等以便进行生产指标测定。分别在仔猪的第7、8、9、10周龄于前腔静脉无菌采血进行免疫及生理生化等指标的测定。试验结束后每组随机选取两头接近平均体重的仔猪进行屠宰以检测仔猪胴体品质以及组织中铁残留量等。 (1)生长性能测定结果表明:各组仔猪在平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比、腹泻率等生产性能指标方面差异均不显著(P>0.05)。但是,各试验组与对照组相比,试验2组添加60mg/kg酵母铁仔猪的生长性能较好;其中平均日增重比对照组提高2.40%。平均日采食量方面,除试验1组外各试验组均比对照组的采食量高,且平均日采食量随酵母铁浓度的增加而增加;在料重比上试验2组的料肉比与对照组相比升高了5.38%;在腹泻率方面,除试验4组外,各试验组腹泻率均低于对照组。 (2)本试验用PHA刺激T淋巴细胞、LPS刺激B淋巴细胞并进行E-玫瑰花环试验以测定酵母铁对仔猪免疫水平的影响,试验结果表明:适宜添加量的酵母铁可以提高T、B淋巴细胞转化率、玫瑰花环形成率及免疫器官指数,且以添加150mg/kg酵母铁对仔猪的促免疫效果较好; (3)从酵母铁对仔猪理化指标的影响上分析:各试验组与对照组相比差异均不显著(P>0.05),且以150mg/kg酵母铁在提高仔猪红细胞数、血红蛋白含量、红细胞压积、白细胞数、淋巴细胞百分率上效果最好;7～10周龄的试验期内酵母铁在提高过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力上变化不明显,且无明显规律;但150mg/kg酵母铁可提高仔猪血清中血清铁(SF)活性、降低血清总铁结合力(TIBC)活力,说明150mg/kg酵母铁在提高仔猪理化指标上具较好的效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiment was conducted to study the effect of performance、 immune function、 biophysical、 biochemistry and the content of iron in tissues of growing pigs; To discuss the appropriate amount of yeast iron for growing pigs.The experiment was designed at completed random of single factor, twenty growing pigs from 7 to 10 weeks were selected and divided into 5 groups, each group was further divided into 4 subgroups. Every growing pig was fed three times a day and drunk freely in their own fold. The whole experiment period was divided into two parts ,one part was pre-experiment which was 7 days and another part was formal experiment which was 21 days .The growing pigs in control one were fed a basic diet with Fesou4(Fe,150mg/kg)and the experimental group Ⅰ 、 Ⅱ、 Ⅲ、 Ⅳ were fed the basic diet supplemented with 30mg/kg 、 60 mg/kg、 150 mg/kg、 300 mg/kg yeast iron . The growing pigs were weighted in the first day and the last day of formal experiment. Wrote down the feed take 、 diarrhea rate of every growing pig in this period to study the performance. And from the front of vein to get the fresh blood at every first day from 7 to 10 weeks. In order to analyze immune function 、 physiochemical parameters of growing pigs .After experiment chosen two pigs in every group to slaughter for determining the content of iron in tissues and organs and carcass quality of growing pigs.The result of performance showed :(1)There was no significant difference in average daily gain、 average feed gain 、 F/G、 diarrhea rate between every groups (P>0.05) . However the group Ⅱ was a better one than other groups ; Compare with the control one which increased 2.40 percent in average daily gain. In average feed gain, every groups were higher than control one except group Ⅰ and it will improve with the improvement of yeast iron of strengths. In F/G, the group Ⅱ with 60 mg/kg yeast iron was a lowest one, but comparing with the control one which was ascended 5.38 percent . In diarrhea rate, every group had a lower percent than the control one except groupⅣ.(2) In immunity : with PHA to stimulate T lymphocyte、 LPS to stimulate B lymphocyte and did E-rosette formation experiment so as to survey the immune function about yeast iron to growing pigs. The result showed that suitable yeast iron could improve the T、 B lymphocyte proliferation rate、 E-rosette formation rate and index of immune organs ,the result was 150mg/kg yeast iron had the best immunity function. (3)There were no significant different among every group in total biophysical andbiochemical indexes about red blood cell > white blood cell numbers > the content of HB, HCT and W-SCR, and the 150mg/kg yeast iron has the best result. From 7 to 10 weeks there was not a significant regulation in the activity of CAT. But 150mg/kg yeast iron can improve the activity of SF and the activity of TBBC was descended. So 150mg/kg yeast iron has a slightly function in rising biophysical and biochemical indexes of growing pigs. (4)As regard as the result of slaughter and analysis of pork quality, There were no significant different among every groups (P>0.05) .But 300mg/kg yeast iron was a better one in improving slaughter rate-. area of eye-muscle, dorsal fat > leant length this four indexes. And there was a linear correspondence with supplement of the amount of yeast iron. So 300mg/kg yeast iron has a better function compared with the control one in rising slaughter indexes. Because growing pigs were only ten weeks, so the muscle color was from 1 to 2,and there were no marble variety. Generally speaking 300mg/kg yeast iron was a better one in carcass quality.(5)Analyzing the content of iron in some tissues and organs were showed that there were no significant different among every experimental groups and the control one (P>0.05 ); A large of Fe was excreted from feces, and Fesom was the highest one for the content of iron in feces. Compared with the groupIVwhich increased 46.33 percent. Largely there were spleen > liver > kidney > muscle > toe bone-, And with the improvement of content of yeast iron in diet which had the improvement tendency about the content of iron in tissues and organs.To sum up : yeast iron (Fe,60mg/kg)can improve average daily gain-, average feed gain, but reduced F/G and diarrhea rate. The appropriate accession to growing pigs was 150mg/kg yeast iron in improving their lymphocyte proliferation rate. 150mg/kg yeast iron was better than Fesou4 in rising biophysical and biochemical indexes. 300mg/kg yeast iron was a better one about carcass quality. About the ability in absorbing iron , tissues and organs contained more Fesou4(Fe, 150mg/kg)than yeast iron.更多还原