【作者】 夏法锋；

【导师】 王金东； 吴蒙华；

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油学院 ， 安全技术及工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 复合镀层的制备是在镀液中加入一种或数种不溶性固体颗粒,使固体颗粒与金属离子共沉积的过程。复合镀层的研究已有二十多年的历史,在强化材料表面等方面具有显著的效果。但由于其加入的固体颗粒多为微米级,其性能不能满足科技飞速发展的要求,应用范围受到了一定的限制。而纳米复合镀层就是在镀液中加入纳米固体颗粒,通过与金属离子共沉积获得镀层。把纳米粒子应用在电镀、化学镀及电刷镀中,来获得比普通复合镀层高的硬度、耐磨性、减摩性等已获得较大进展。但由于受到复合镀层发展本身的局限,以及受到现阶段对纳米材料的认识限制,纳米复合镀层的研究与应用刚刚起步。目前,研制出的复合镀层的性能还远远不能满足工业的飞速发展,所以致力于进一步提高复合镀层的各种性能的研究是必要的。本文采用超声—电沉积法,制备了纳米Ni-TiN 复合镀层。探讨了超声—电沉积复合作用的机理,总结出影响复合镀层生成的几个因素。通过正交实验分析,确定出制备纳米Ni-TiN 复合镀层的最佳工艺参数(纳米粒子的浓度、电流密度、电解液配方、添加剂种类、超声波功率等)。利用扫描电镜(SEM)和高分辨电子显微镜(HREM)观察复合镀层的表面形貌和显微组织;并对镀层表面的显微硬度、结合力、耐磨性、耐蚀性以及镀层厚度等进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:采用超声-电沉积法制备的纳米Ni-TiN 复合镀层,能够获得含有纳米镍晶粒和纳米TiN 粒子的复合镀层。该复合镀层不仅具有细致、均匀的表面,而且还具有较高的显微硬度、耐磨性和耐蚀性等性能;但纳米Ni-TiN 复合镀层的结合力与纯镍镀层的结合力却相差不大。更多还原

【Abstract】 The synthesis of the composite layer is the process that one or several kinds of insoluble solid particles are adding into the electrolyte to be co-deposited with metal ions. The research of the composite layer has a history of twenty years, and remarkable effects have been achieved in the aspects of strengthening the surface of materials. However, the solid particles used are most in micron scale, and the performance of composite layers contained them cannot match the requirement of the rapid developments of science and technology. Nano-composite layers are the composite layers obtained by adding solid nano-particles into the electrolyte and making them co-deposit with metal ions. Great progress has been made in the application of nano-particles in electroplating, chemical plating and brush plating in order to obtain composite layers with better performance, such as hardness, wear resistance, etc., than normal composite layers. However, the research and application of nano-composite layers are limited by the development of composite layer itself and current limit knowledge of nano materials. Now the performance of composite layers that have been developed are far less satisfying for the rapid development of the industry, so it is necessary for us to do extra work on how to farther improve the performance of composite layers. In this paper, Ni-TiN nano-composite layer was obtained by ultrasonic-electrodeposition method. The mechanism of the compound effects of ultrasonic-electrodeposition was discussed, and several factors that have effected on the formation of the composite layer were concluded. Optimized technical parameters, including the contents of the nano-particles, the current density, the composition of the electrolyte, the type of the agents and the power of ultrasonic waves, were confirmed by orthogonal experimental analysis. We observed the surface morphology and metallurgical structure of composite coatings with SEM and HREM. The micro-rigidity, adhesion, wear resistance, corrosion resistance of the surface of the composite layers are compared and analyzed as well as the thickness of the layers. It was shown by the results of the research work that, a composite layer contained nano-sized Ni grains and TiN nano-particles can be obtained by the ultrasonic-electrodeposition method, which not only has a fine and even surface but also shows excellent performances, such as micro-rigidity, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and a similar adhesion with normal composite layers.更多还原