【作者】 刘代宏；

【导师】 张雨；

【作者基本信息】 长沙理工大学 ， 载运工具运用工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 大型柴油机是一种社会保有量很大的动力机械,广泛地应用在船舶、内燃机车和以内燃机为动力的发电机组中。柴油机运行时伴生着横向振动,当这种振动状况严重恶化时,轻则整机性能变差,为此进行维修而直接或间接造成经济损失;重则整机报废,危及人身安全,造成极为严重的后果。因此对大型柴油机横向异常振动进行早期辨识和诊断,找出故障原因并进行修理,对于保持柴油机良好的技术状态,保证机组正常、安全运行具有重要的意义。基于以上考虑,本文进行了大型柴油机横向异常振动诊断的研究,主要内容如下:(1)概述了柴油机横向异常振动诊断技术现状,讨论了虚拟仪器技术及其实现软件的运用情况;(2)根据各种激励力至机体系统的传播途径,对导致柴油机横向异常振动的原因进行分类,确定了活塞-缸套间隙异常、曲轴运行异常、基础缺陷等几个主要影响因素;(3)针对16ZAV40S型柴油机横向异常振动的故障现象,提出诊断方案,搭建实验测试平台,现场测试获取数据并分析,最后得出诊断结论:活塞裙部磨损、活塞-缸套间隙异常是引起该柴油机横向异常振动的主要原因之一。通过停机拆检,结果验证了诊断结论;(4)为方便诊断,采用先进的虚拟仪器技术实现软件LabWindows/CVI,开发了基于该软件平台的柴油机横向振动诊断系统应用软件。实践证明,LabWindows/CVI软件能大大提高应用软件的开发效率,同时增强了柴油机横向振动诊断系统的系统功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 The large-scale diesel engine, which is used widely in the field of shipping, locomotive and generating set powered by internal-combustion engine, is a kind of power machine keeping a great quantity in society. The horizontal vibration often appears when diesel engine runs, when the horizontal vibration state worsens, the performance of the complete machine becomes bad if the state is light, which could cause the enormous economic losses directly or indirectly because of repairing; otherwise, the complete machine is scrapped and threaten the personal life, and causes the extremely serious consequence. Consequently the works of distinguishing and diagnosis horizontal abnormal vibration of the large-scale diesel engine for the purpose of finding out the malfunction reason and repair ing in time, which is important to keep the good technological state of diesel engine, and state of normal and safe machine operation. Because of the reasons mentioned above, the essay carries on the diagnosis horizontal abnormal vibration of the large-scale diesel engine. The main research contents are listed below: (1) Summarizing the technological current situation of the diagnosis of diesel engine’s horizontal vibration, and discussing the application of virtual instrument technology and Lab Windows/CVI software; (2) Classing the reasons causing diesel engine’s horizontal abnormal vibration according to the ways of pulses to diesel engine body, and confirming the main reasons of abnormal interval between piston and cylinder, axle working abnormally, ground defect; (3) Propos ing the diagnosis scheme, building the experiment platform according to horizontal abnormal vibration of the Model 16ZAV40S diesel engine. After test in local, obtaining and analyses the experiment data, concluding the diagnosis conclusion: the main reason of the diesel engine’s horizontal abnormal vibration is the wear of piston skirt, which causes the abnormal interval between piston and cylinder. The result of the diesel engine dismantled and examined proves that the diagnosing conclusion is correct; (4) To convenient diagnosis, developing the diagnosis system to diesel engine’s horizontal vibration based on Lab Windows/CVI software platform, which is a virtual instrument technology. Practice proves that, the efficiency of developing the application software and the system function of the diagnosis to horizontal abnormal vibration of diesel engine are greatly improved by the Lab Windows/CVI software.更多还原