【作者】 谢云；

【导师】 雷海章； 李同明；

【作者基本信息】 华中农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 经过50多年的发展,农村信用社已经成为我国金融体系的重要组成部分,为农村经济和国民经济的发展作出了巨大贡献。然而,农村信用社在支持我国农业和农村经济快速发展的同时,自身也积累和面临着许多亟待解决的问题。 2004年,《国务院办公厅关于进一步深化农村信用社改革试点的意见》发布后,新一轮的农村信用社改革在全国范围内发起。增资扩股、减免税收、央行票据和再贷款等一系列资金支持方案给农村信用社改革创造了前所未有的发展机遇。按照“明晰产权关系、强化约束机制、增强服务功能、国家适当支持、地方政府负责”的总体要求,发达地区的农村信用社已率先开始改造为农村商业银行、农村合作银行等发展模式。欠发达地区农村信用社如何利用国家的扶持政策真正做到“花钱买机制”,到底是模仿发达地区的现有模式还是另僻佳径,目前决策层对此尚无定论。由于我国经济发展的不平衡性,相对于发达地区来说,经济欠发达地区广大农民群众更需要农村信用社的金融服务,地方政府也更需要农村信用社来支持“三农”。资本金不足、产权不清晰、历史包袱较重、管理体制不顺、经营状况较差、外部环境恶劣等诸多问题又严重困扰制约着当地农村信用社的生存发展。如何根据当地特有的自然、社会和经济状况,探索一条合适的发展道路,这不仅具有深刻的理论意义,而且具有很强的现实意义。 全文共分为四个部分: 首先介绍撰写本文的目的和意义、国内外研究动态以及本文研究方法与思路;第二章在对国外合作金融发展模式的考察和我国农村信用社发展历程回顾的基础上,研究了国外农村信用合作金融发展对我国的启示;第三章通过将欠发达地区农信社和发达地区农信社发展概况的对比分析,运用经济学的成本——收益比较法、经济学的均衡分析法,历史地和现实地考察欠发达地区农信社制度变迁,进而明确当地农信社体制改革的方向——规范的合作制。并运用新制度经济学的交易成本、产权、契约、委托代理等相关原理,结合实证研究分析了当前经济欠发达地区农信社发展的特点和所面临的诸多问题;最后一章在以上理论与案例分析相结合的基础上,就产权明晰、法人治理结构的优化、监管体制的构建、经营方式的创新以及外部发展环境的改善等几个方面提出了具有一定指导性和可操作性的对策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rural Credit Cooperatives (RCC) has developed for more than 50 years in China, and become an important part in rural financial system and dedicated much to Chinese national and rural economic developing. However, when RCC supported the fast development of our country’s agriculture and rural economy, it also is faced with many accumulated problems and which need to be settled as soon as possible.In 2004, after "The office of state department concerning opinion that turns the Rural Credit Cooperatives to reform the experimental unit further and deeply" released, the new reform of RCC start within the whole country. A series projects of the funds supporting that have been adopted, which has created the unprecedented developing opportunity for RCC, such as increasing capital and principal, reducing and avoiding the revenue, releasing central bank note and loan again. According to the total request of "clearing property right relation, enhancing the stipulation mechanism, strengthening the service function, and the provincial government is responsible for RCC with the appropriate support of the state government", RCC in developed area have turn into rural commercial bank or rural cooperative bank. RCC in underdeveloped how to reform, to choose what mode, and whether should mimicry developed area’s mode or look for another one, which has no definite answer, hi fact, the large number of farmers in underdeveloped area even more needs financial service from RCC, the local government also needs RCC to support "three agricultures". But to RCC here, owing to many problems such as insufficient capital, indefinite property rights, heavy stock of ill-capital, inefficient administrative system, poor operational situation and abominable development environment outside, RCC has fallen into a desperate situation. It is essential to probe into a suitable developing road according to the natural, social and economic situation. This is of great theoretical and realistic significance.There are four parts of this paper:Firstly, this paper introduces the purpose and significance, research summarization in home and abroad, and puts forward the research ways; The second part, based on introducing the situation of oversea Rural Cooperative Finance (RCF) and reviewing the history of RCC of our country, we gets many good ideas that will benefit our research; The third part contrastively analyses present situation of RCC between underdeveloped anddeveloped area, and expounds institution transition of RCC in underdeveloped area by using economics methods such as the cost-income comparison, balance analysis. Then, this part demonstrates the suitable target of RCC in this area, canonical cooperative institution. At the same time, based on the case study, this part discussed the characteristics and problems of RCC in underdeveloped area by using the analytic tool from neo-institutional economics such as the theories of transaction cost, property right, incomplete contract and trust agency; The last part provides the corresponding measures at some aspects, such as clearing property right, optimizing the structure of legal person, establishing supervisory and administrative system, innovating the mode of operation, and improving external development environment and so on, which will benefit to the reform of the RCC in underdeveloped area.更多还原