【作者】 王静萍；

【导师】 王平； 胡启春；

【作者基本信息】 中南林学院 ， 环境科学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 脉冲电场(PEF)非热灭菌技术是一种新兴的高效杀菌方法,具有处理时间短、能耗低、无二次污染等明显技术优势。为了有效扩展脉冲电场技术在污水处理领域中的应用价值,本文在自主研制了一套常规电压脉冲电场处理装置的基础上,首次将此技术成功地应用于畜禽粪污厌氧消化液的后处理中,并继续对该装置的消毒作用机理及环境因素对消毒效果的影响等进行了系统研究。研究结果表明: (1) 本文研制的常压脉冲电场处理装置主要参数为:输入电压220V,脉冲宽度1ms,脉冲间歇9ms,脉冲频率100Hz,方波脉冲波形,MOSFET开关元件。处理时间可调控成10S、30S、1min、3min、5min五档。处理室为玻璃制长方体,容积1000ml:电极为直径约1cm的不锈钢棒状。该装置成本较低,适用于畜禽养殖业污液的污染治理工程,便于大规模的推广和商业化应用。 (2) 通过系统分析该装置的消毒作用过程,初步认为,脉冲电场的消毒作用应主要包括电磁效应、力学效应、声学效应和光学效应等,电解、热学及臭氧三种效应的贡献率较小。 (3) 处理时间是影响该装置消毒效果的重要因素。在10s～1min范围内,粪大肠杆菌的去除率随时间的延长而急剧上升,当超过1min时,处理后的卫生效果随时间延长而提高的梯度变得越来越小,继续增加消毒时间已无实际意义。 (4) 在电极为棒状的静态处理系统中,当电极间距在0.9～2.5mm范围内变化时,粪大肠杆菌去除率变化不大;当超出这一范围时,消化液处理后的卫生状况将显著恶化。 (5) 消化液初始pH值对消毒效果的影响较为明显,且碱性条件较酸性条件更有利于消化液灭菌。分析原因,可能与实验原水中指示菌的粪大肠杆菌属于耐酸微生物类有关。 (6) 在处理装置的当前系统配置条件下,通过正交实验确定处理时间5min,初始pH为7.3,COD调为500mg/L时,脉冲电场的消毒效果最好,粪大肠杆菌的去除率可达90%以上。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pulse Electric Field(PEF) nonthermal technology is an emerging high efficient method of pasteurization. It has some obvious technology advantages, such as shorter treatment time, lower expended energy and non-pollution. In order to expand PEF application in the field of treated waste water, the paper firstly introduces PEF into the post-treatment of the drove’s feces anaerobic-digested effluent on the base of the normal voltage pulse device having been made independently. Then the systemic study on the sanitizing mechanism and environment factors has already been accomplished . The conclusions are as follows:(1)The parameters of the device are defined as follows: input voltage is 220V; and pulse width is 1ms; and pulse intermission is 9 ms; and pulse frequency is 100Hz; and pulse wave shape is square. MOSFET is adopted into the electric and electronic switch. Reactive time that is auto-controlled by the device arranges 10S, 30S, 1min, 3min and 5min. Moreover, the reactor outline takes on rectangle; and its material belongs to the glass; its volume contains 1000ml; its pole looks club-shaped and is made of stainless steel and its diameter is more or less 1cm. The device cost is low, so the device preferably suits this tiny-profit industrial to deal with the pollution and can be diffused and commercialized easily.(2)By the exploring disinfection mechanism experiments, the conclusion is drawn: the sanitizing impact of PEF almost lies on electromagnetic, mechanical, acoustic and optic reactions almost without electrolysis ,calorific and ozone effects;(3)Treating time is the key factor. The removing ratio of fecal coliform group is evidently enhanced from 10 sec to lmin. when the time is beyond lmin, the increasing extent of the sanitizing result turns to be much milder.(4)In the static treatment system, when the gap of two club-shaped poles is from 0.9cm to 2.5cm, The removing ratio of fecal coliform group makes no difference. But disinfection effect will be striking deteriorate beyond 2.5cm.(5)The pH of anaerobic-digested effluent distinctly influences the sanitizing effect, and the sterilizing effect is much stronger under the alkali situations. The reason may be that the fecal coliform group used in this experiment belongs to a kind of anti-acid microbe.(6) based on the existing configuration of process system, the paper discusses to find out the optimal condition of the three factor: treatment time , value and initial pH ,COD of digestive juice. Namely: Dealing with time 5min, initial pH is 7. 3, when COD is adjusted for 500 mg/L, the result of disinfection of the pulse electric field is the best, the removing ratio of the fecal coliform group is up 90%.更多还原