【作者】 李亚红；

【导师】 郝克刚；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 计算机软件与理论， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 由于软件危机的存在,迫使IT行业的管理者和专家们寻找解决危机的软件方法。传统的软件方法,譬如:软件能力成熟度模型(Capability Maturity Model,CMM)、软件统一过程(Rational Unified Process,RUP),都曾经解决了一些问题,但是随着软件经济的发展,用户需求的不确定和变化快成为软件行业的显著特点,传统软件方法不能很好地对这些问题进行解决,而且还增加了软件开发的成本。于是,敏捷(Agile)软件方法的诞生成为了一种需要和可能,它是一种轻量型的软件方法,这是相对于传统的重量级而言的。常见的敏捷软件方法包括:Crystal、ASD(Adaptive Software Development)、SCRUM、FDD (Feature Driven Development)、XP(Extreme Programming),其中最为著名的就是由Kent Beck等人提出的极限编程(XP)。对软件方法在实际系统中的研究与应用,一直以来是这方面的重要研究课题之一。 本文系统地研究了敏捷(Agile)软件方法中的极限编程(XP)方法,讲解了XP的理论知识以及它的十二种实践方法,并且对十二种实践方法在实际系统中进行了研究与应用,还有对敏捷建模和极限建模,都给出了详细、系统的阐述。此外,文中还对XP和CMM、XP和RUP,进行了比较和鉴别。最后,针对XP从项目管理和软件过程的角度给出了总结。 本文在对极限编程(XP)研究的基础上,形成的主要创新点如下: 1.用户故事词典的形成;2.建立逻辑的结对编程的概念;3.权限级的集体代码所有制的灵活用法;4.虚拟现场客户的建立;5.内部小型发布的过程;6.站立式晨会调整为站立式午会;7.提倡和谐、竞争式开发;8.项目小组人员形成每周工作笔记更多还原

【Abstract】 Because of the software crises, it is making so many IT managers to find the crises resolving methods. The traditional software methods, such as, CMM (Capability Maturity Model) and RUP (Rational Unified Process), have already resolved some questions. However, with the development of software economic, the vague and rapidly changing of user’s requirements have been becoming the specific characteristics. At this time, the traditional software methods cannot better resolve the new software crises, while increased the cost of software developing. Then, it is urgent to find another new agile software methods, which are light level software methods compared with the traditional weight level ones. The common agile software methods include Crystal、 ASD (Adaptive Software Development)、 SCRUM、 FDD (Feature Driven Development) 、 XP (Extreme Programming) ,and the XP is the most famous one, which is typically attributed to Kent Beck, Ron Jeffries, and Ward Cunningham .XP is one of the important research fields in the study of agile software methods.This thesis focuses on the XP software method, which is one of the agile software methods. Firstly, this paper researched the XP theories and twelve practices, including the application of the twelve practices in the electric business system. Secondly, this paper compared the XP with CMM and RUP. Finally, based on the project management and software process, here has drawn a conclusion about the XP.Based on the research of the XP, the primary contributions in this thesis are listed as the following.The User Story Dictionary; Logical Pair Programming; Limited Collective Ownership; Virtual Onsite Customer; Inner Small Releases; The afternoon Standing Meeting; The Harmonious and Competition Development; Every Week Working Notes.更多还原