【作者】 崔淑琴；

【导师】 姜德谭；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨理工大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着计算机测控系统特别是多传感器计算机测控系统的发展,智能传感器系统作为一个与之相应的新兴研究方向,正受到人们越来越多的关注。然而,虽然近年来它的研究与开发已取得一定成果,但还远远不能满足实际需求,尤其在压力测量领域更是急待发展。随着压力测控系统的发展,现有的传统压力传感器已无法满足要求,而集信息采集、信息处理和数字通信功能于一身,能自主管理,具有智能化特性的智能压力传感器系统已成为生产实践发展的迫切需求。本文对智能压力传感器系统理论及其在压力测量方面的应用进行了深入研究,提出一种新型智能压力传感器系统,并对其智能化功能、硬件配置和智能化软件进行了全面的设计。系统采用集成度高,功能强大的新型微处理器控制,其内部集成了大量的模拟和数字外围模块,具有很强的数据处理能力。电路内配置了为实现多功能智能化所必需的硬件,并全部采用低价格、小体积器件,还将所有电路设计在一片电路板上,再与传感元件组装在一起,从而使整个系统在保证智能化功能的前提下,具有体积小、成本低、一体化和抗干扰能力强的特点。本论文在对智能压力传感器系统的智能化功能深入研究的基础上,设计了较为完善的智能化软件,实现了自动增益控制、温度补偿、自动校准、总线数字通讯等多种智能化特性,使传感器具有较高的智能化程度。提出了利用传感元件自身特性实现温度补偿的算法以及对系统非线性补偿的算法。并对传感器系统进行了较全面的抗干扰和系统故障自诊断设计,保证了系统的稳定性和可靠性。提出一种带有程序判断的智能数字滤波算法,它既具有较好的平滑能力,又具有较快的响应速度。本系统在软件上运用C++Builder 编程语言,利用该软件大量的VCL 可视化控件以及第三方提供的各种功能强大的控件资源,使用户在可视化操作平台下工作。系统采用与PC 机通信,完成数据转换、数据处理以及实时数据显示等功能,便于实现系统集中监控。本研究设计的智能压力传感器系统具有体积小、成本低、可靠性好、响应速度快、智能化程度高等特点,通过仿真对软、硬件进行了充分的调试,更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of computer control system, especially of the system with multi-sensor, the intelligent sensor or smart sensor, as a new research field, is attracting more and more people’s attention. Although some achievement in the field has been obtained recently, the results are far from application requirements, even worse in the measurement of pressure area. With the development of a pressure control system, the existing traditional pressure sensor has not met the need, however the smart sensor that has the functions of data collection, information processing, digital communication and self-governing has been imminent demand of the development of productive practice. After the theory of smart sensors for pressure measurement has been deeply studied, a new kind of a smart sensor for measuring pressure is developed in this paper to improve this situation, and its overall design of intelligent functions and hardware and software are also described in detail. A microprocessor with powerful functions and higher integration is used as the main control unit. Large numbers of analog and digital peripheral circuits have been also integrated inside, so the microprocessor has the powerful ability of data processing. All components of the sensor, some of which are necessary for the multiple and intelligent functions, are selected ones with low cost and small package. All circuits are designed in a piece of PCB and the PCB is installed with the pressure detector together. The smart sensor then obtains the advantages of small dimension, low cost and higher anti-disturbance ability. Based on deeply research for the intelligent functions of the pressure sensor, the sensor’s intelligent software with better quality is designed. Some intelligent characteristics, such as automatic gain control, temperature compensation, automatic calibration, digital communication by bus, etc. have been realized, which makes the sensor have higher level of intelligence. A temperature compensation algorithm according to the behavior of the inductance sensor, and a nonlinear compensation algorithm are designed. Anti-disturbance and system self-diagnosis of the sensor have been well designed, therefore the stability and reliability are guaranteed. A kind of intelligent digital filtering algorithm with program judgment is proposed here. The performance of not only better filtering, but also faster response is then obtained. The system software adopts programming language C++Builder. It takes advantage of numerous visual controls and kinds of powerful control resources supplied by the third part to make users work on a visual operating platform. The system communicates with PC to finish the functions such as data conversion, data processing, real-time data display etc. then it is convenient for realizing the central control. The smart sensor for measuring pressure designed in this paper has the advantages of small size, low cost, higher performance and response speed, and higher level of intelligence. After debugging the software and hardware of the smart sensor through emulation, the result shows that its performance is perfect. So we expect that the smart sensor can have broad future applications in many measuring and controlling systems for pressure.更多还原