【作者】 王纯；

【导师】 张宁；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 应用心理学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 抑郁的无望感/自尊整合理论是美国心理学家Seligman,Abramson,Metalsky等从归因方式、无望感和自尊的角度提出的关于抑郁的认知理论,近年来已成为抑郁研究的热点。抑郁的归因训练是Seligman在这个理论最初形式的基础上提出的一种从归因方式入手治疗抑郁的认知行为方法,具有重要的应用价值。 为了在大学生被试中探索抑郁与归因方式、无望感、自尊、人格以及应激的关系;探索归因方式形成的人格因素;尝试建立一套抑郁的团体归因训练方法,并在抑郁大学生中检验其疗效。本研究对514名大学生进行了Beck抑郁量表(BDI)、归因方式问卷(ASQ)、自尊量表(SES)和卡特尔16项人格问卷(16-PF)的测量以及应激情况的评定与统计分析;自行设计了归因训练的方法,采用实验组-对照组前后测的实验设计对其进行了临床干预研究,3对小组分别进行了BDI、ASQ和SES的测量比较。 结果显示:1、验证了归因方式和自尊与抑郁的直接关系,以及在人格影响抑郁中的中介作用,验证了无望感与抑郁的相关以及宿命归因与抑郁的相关。2、抑郁大学生的人格特征包括:低稳定性、兴奋性、敢为性,高敏感性、怀疑性、忧虑性、紧张性,焦虑,内向和感情用事。3、应激性生活事件在抑郁的形成中起一定作用,但不是决定性作用。4、建立了抑郁无望感/自尊理论的结构方程模型。5、消极归因方式的核心人格包括:高敏感性、忧虑性、紧张性,焦虑,感情用事,心理健康的个性因素分低。6、抑郁的团体归因训练在对抑郁大学生的治疗中取得了良好的疗效。 总之,本研究在大学生被试中验证和澄清了抑郁的无望感/自尊理论,建立了该理论的结构方程模型。自行设计的抑郁的团体归因训练可以有效的治疗大学生抑郁。更多还原

【Abstract】 The integrated hopelessness/self-esteem theory for depression was put forward by American psychologists Seligman, Abramson and Metalsky. This theory is a kind of cognitive theory for depression emphasizes attributional style, hopelessness and self-esteem. It has become a focus problem in depression study field lately. The attribution retraining for depression is a sort of cognitive-behavior therapy for depression focuses on attributional style according to the initial form of this theory by Seligman and has significant applied value.The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between depression and attributional style, hopelessness, self-esteem, personality and stress and explore how attributional style comes into being. At the same time, attempt to build the procedure of attribution retraining for depression in group and test its availability in depressed undergraduates. On the one hand, 514 undergraduates were measured with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) , Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ) , The self-Esteem Scale (SES) and Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16-PF)and their stresses were assessed. We analysed these data in statistical approach. On the other hand, we designed and put in practice the procedure of attribution retraining and compared the scores of BDI, ASQ and SES for test-groups students and control-groups graduates.Results show: 1、 Self-esteem and attributional style have direct effect on depression and have significant modiating effect on the path of personality to depression. There is correlation between fated attribution and depression as well as hopelessness and depression. 2、The personalities of depressed graduates are: lo-emotional stability, lo-liveliness, lo-boldness, hi-sensitivity, hi-suspiciousness, hi-insecurity, hi-tension, anxiety, introversion, not tough poise and low marks in Mental Health. 3> Stressful life event may be one of the causers for depression but not a crucial factor. 4> A structural equation modeling for the integrated hopelessness/self-esteem theory was established. 5^ The nuclear personalities for negative attributional style are hi-sensitivity, hi-insecurity, hi-tension, anxiety, not tough poise and low marks in Mental Health. 6^ The attribution retraining in group was found had an substantial curative effect.In conclusion, we testified and clarified the integrated hopelessness/self-esteem theory for depression in undergraduates and established a structural equation modeling for this theory. The attribution retraining in group is an effective procedure for depression.更多还原