现代自由心证制度的价值研究

【作者】 莫良元；

【导师】 夏锦文；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 法理学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文首先从历史溯源的角度揭示自由心证制度历史发展脉络,说明其具有历史的选择性,同时指出自由心证制度已由传统走向现代,探寻现代自由心证制度的内涵和基本特征。试图通过分析现代自由心证制度的法哲学基础,明确其诉讼认识论和合理性的根源。侧重从刑事诉讼过程的程序法学视角以及司法权的特征和运作机理方面,提出现代自由心证制度的价值表征,并且为我国构建现代自由心证制度提出设想。 与人类从野蛮走向文明、从蒙昧走向科学的进化道路相随,证据制度经历了法定证据制度取代神示证据制度,自由心证制度取代法定证据制度演进的历史进程。证据制度在诉讼法学中的基础地位是由诉讼自身的特点决定的。诉讼过程是运用证据查明案件事实的过程。在实行证据裁判原则的现代诉讼中,证据是诉讼活动的灵魂:一方面,对案件的实体处理首先取决于能否运用证据准确地认定案件事实;另一方面,证据制度的完善可以起到规范国家专门机关的司法活动,保障诉讼权利、实现程序公正的作用。现代自由心证制度是在批判的继承传统的自由心证制度的前提下为世界各国所认同。现代自由心证制度在刑事诉讼中的价值表征主要体现在五个方面:一、它符合刑事诉讼的认识论规律的要求;二、它为司法权的运作提供了合理的空间;三、它对刑事诉讼功能和价值目标的实现提供保障;四、它是刑事诉讼结构模式发挥作用的必然要求;五、它与证据规则的制定和运用互设边界。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper tracks back, first of all, in history to the development of the inner conviction system, explains its characteristics of historical selection, and at the same time suggests that the inner conviction system has grown up from its tradition to a modern stage. Then, it searches the basic features and connotation of the modern inner conviction system. Through the analysis of the foundation of the philosophy of law, the system’s rationality and validity has been clarified. Emphasizing particularly on the adjective law in criminal litigation procedures and the features and functioning of judicial power, the paper advances the characteristic value of the inner conviction system and the tentative plan to establish modern inner conviction system in our country.The writer thinks that much the same as the development of human beings from barbarism to civilization and from obscuration to science, the evidence system has also been developing from divinity evidence system to legal evidence system, and then to inner conviction system. The fundamental position of evidence system in procedural jurisprudence is justified by the characteristics of litigation itself. The procedure of litigation is one that investigates into the facts and evidences and ascertains the reality. According to the principles of evidence judicature, evidence plays the key role in modern litigation. On the one hand, the handling of the entity of a lawsuit relies initially on the feasibility of identifying the reality. On the other hand, the integrity of evidence system can normalize the legal activities in the country’s specialized agencies, protect litigious rights, and realize justice in legal procedures. The modern inner conviction system is internationally identified under the precondition of critically inheriting the traditional inner conviction system. The characteristic value of the modern inner conviction system in criminal proceedings embodies the following five aspects: 1) it meets the requirements of epistemology in criminal proceedings; 2) it provides a reasonable space for the operation of judicial power; 3) it provides protection for the functioning of criminal proceedings and for the realization of value objectives; 4) it is the necessary need to bring the structure of criminal proceedings into action; 5) it sets up mutual boarders with the making and operating of the rule of evidence.更多还原