论文学中的死亡意识

【作者】 王玉琴；

【导师】 骆冬青；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 文艺学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 死是最强烈的千古恨,是最持久的万古愁。有“死”以来,人类所有的人文学科对死亡的追问就从来没有停止过。世界公认的伟大作家无一不描写死亡,世界公认的文学名著也无一不涉及死亡。从中国文学独特的“黍离之悲”到西方文学致力推崇的“以悲为美”,会发现文学最擅长抒发人的悲剧性情绪。本文就是以作家和作品为研究对象,从文学四要素的相关角度来探索作家死亡意识的成因以及它对文学创作的影响,回答“作家为什么要写死亡?”这个问题,以使我们通过因果互证的方法来加深对作品中死亡内涵的理解。 本文从三方面展开,首先从“世界”要素切入,探索由客观的死亡现象到抽象的死亡意识的产生以及它对文学的最初渗透。死亡意识,是原始思维和文明人思维的分界线,也是文学的缘起。其次从“作家”要素切入,探索作家死亡意识的形成以及它对创作风格的影响。第三从“作品”要素切入,探索死亡与语言、结构及意境之间的关系,进一步探讨作家从写作角度对人生、对存在、对死亡的思索和表现。 死亡,隐藏在生活之中,积淀于文学家的心灵之中。作家,就是要以人类的名义,把悲歌化作生存的鼓励。正是作家的倾注笔力,人物的死亡才具有震撼人心的遗响悲风之力量,才能引起千百年来千百万读者的共鸣。更多还原

【Abstract】 The topic death has been the strongest and ever-lasting sense of grief and regret through all ages,and it has been questioned on by all the humanities.None of the world-know literature works ,as well as all the world-famous authors,haven’t had the description of it:From the unique "Sorrowful Emotion"in Chinese literature to "viewing sorrow as beauty"which is advocated by western literature ,we can notice that literature is excellent at expressing one’s tragic emotion.The researching objects of this thesis are the autheor and the work .And the thesis tries to find out the source of writer’s death-consciousness in works and its influence literature creation based on the 4 elements of literature ,and it answers the question why the author likes to write articles on death ,so that we get a deeper understanding of its concept by means of cause-and-effect.This thesis sets off its discussion from 3 aspects.First,it is discussed from the element"world", dealing with the phenomenon in real world,the emergence of human beings’ death consciousness in mental world ,and its initial permeation into literature works.Death-consciousness is not only the division of ancient thought and modern thought,but the originality of literature.Then it talks about the element"author",discussing the formation of author’s death-consciousness and its influence on writing style.Finally,the element "works",dealing with the relationships between death and language,structure and its artistic conception,and it goes further into the author’s thought and expression of life ,exisitence and death from the angle of writing.Death,Concealed in life,lies in author’s mind .Authors,for the sake of human beings,usually consider sad melody as the encouragement to survive.It is through author’s creation that the death in literature works has the amazing power to attract people and that these works could be echoed by millions of readers during thousands of years.更多还原