立法对当代中国社会转型的功能分析

【作者】 吴海燕；

【导师】 龚廷泰；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 法学理论， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 中国社会正处于传统向现代转型的关键时期,中国社会各方面的发展现状迫切需要国家权力的指引和扶持来完成转型。而立法是国家与社会相衔接的重要环节。社会中普遍存在各种类型的法律需要,主要表现为个人法律需要和群体法律需要,它们相互竞争相互整合,促进社会进步的同时又威胁着社会的秩序稳定。国家立法通过对社会中各种法律需要的选择协调并以国家强制力予以确认和保障,形成一套具有国家权威的社会行为模式,进而维持社会的发展与稳定。立法基于其社会本质特点而具有规范法律需要的功能和促进社会发展的功能,其中促进社会转型是立法社会功能的一个方面。中国社会正在进行社会转型,社会发展的客观规律、我国的社会主义性质和特有的国情背景都要求发挥国家立法的社会功能,促进现代化社会的实现。从立法活动的核心来看,立法所进行的利益选择具有一定的客观规律性,良好的立法应当遵守利益选择的基本原则,采用一定的利益衡量体系,对于我国而言即是否符合现代型社会经济、政治、文化、社会生活的特殊需要。但是,立法的功能是有限度的,经济社会发展规律及人类认识的局限性、立法影响的层面、立法技术理论的科学发展程度、法律实现的程度都限制着立法发挥功能的范围和效果。因而,我们应当明确立法的客观规律,减少立法的主观错误,主要从立法的准备阶段和法律的制定阶段使立法活动规范化、程序化,使立法能够科学有序地进行,有效地推动当代中国的社会转型。设定与完善社会习惯调查制度、法律试行制度、立法听证只度将促使立法机关获得更全面的法律需要信息进行立法准备工作;而立法目的预设制度、压力集团机制、立法人员选任制度等将促使立法更加民主集中。更多还原

【Abstract】 Today Chinese society is changing from the traditional pattern to the modern pattern, and every aspect of Chinese social development urgently needs the guide and the support from the state power in order to accomplish the transformation. Then Legislation is the important link between the society and the state. In society there are universally all kinds of legal needs displaying as the individual needs and the collective needs. They compete and integrate mutually, which advance the society progress and threaten its order at the same time. The state legislation can make a system of social patterns of behavior which has the authority and is safeguarded by state power through choosing and harmonizing these legal needs, and then these affect social development. Legislation has functions of standardizing legal needs and driving social development, and the function of improving social transformation is one of the legislation’s social function. The patterns of Chinese society is transforming, and our socialism and special situation of China require the elaboration of the social function of legislation ,which can impel realization of modern society. As the core of legislation, the benefit choosing of legislation has some objective rules. Well legislation shall obey its fundamental principle and use interests’ scale of the benefit choosing. That is whether the selection conforms to the special demands of modern society in economy, politics, culture and livelihood. However, the functions are limited by some objective and subjective elements, such as social development law, the technology of legislation and so on. We shall design some legislation institutions to promote scientific and procedural legislation, and to effectually advance the society transformation of China.更多还原