【作者】 王宏军；

【导师】 郑秀清； 刘谨；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 水文学及水资源， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 地裂缝作为一种表生的地质灾害现象,在中国普遍存在,其灾情逐年加剧,已成为区域性地质灾害的主要灾种之一。由于地裂缝具有分布范围广、活动强度大、致灾程度重的特点,所以对地裂缝的发育特征及形成演化作用进行探讨,不仅对当地工程场地评价、城乡建设规划及防灾减灾措施的制定和国民经济的发展具有重要的指导意义,而且可为区域地壳稳定性评价提供依据。 祁县地裂缝初现于20世纪70年代后期,80年代开始加强,90后期年代已具有一定的规模,并造成严重的危害。本论文是在这种背景下,通过对大量的区域地质、水文地质、工程地质、地震及近年来科研、生产部门采用GPS定位、水准测量、探坑、探槽、物探等多种方法所获取的基础资料进行综合分析而完成的。 论文以祁县地裂缝形成的区域构造背景和地质环境条件为基础,分析了地裂缝的空间分布、产状、形态特征、规更多还原

【Abstract】 Ground fissure, as a kind of the geological hazards phenomenon on surface, has become one of the major regional geological hazards, develops universally and its situation is increasingly aggravated year by year in China. The ground fissure has a large scale, strong active intensity and heavy disaster. The discussion of ground fissure developing characteristic and formation mechanism not only has an important significance for the assessments of local project field, a plan of civil construction, the measures of preventing and reducing hazards and the civil economic development, but also can offer the evidence for the regional stability appraisement of the earth crust.The ground fissures of Qixian county occurred in the laterof 1970s and strengthened in 1980s, but in late 1990s it formed a large scale and brought some severe disasters. Under this background, this paper is completed by means of synthetically analysis of a large amount of data on the regional geology, hydrogeology, engineering geology, earthquake and the basic information such as GPS location, leveling measures, exploration groove and physical exploration gained by scientific research and manufacture departments, which adopts in recent years.In the light of regional geological structure and the condition of geological and environments of Qixian county ground fissure, the spatial distribution, lay shape, the appearance characteristics, size, the mechanical properties and micro-geography views of the ground fissure is analyzed. The development characteristics and activity characteristics of the ground fissure is studied. According to the factors that influence the ground fissure evolution, this paper discusses the relationships between ground fissure and geological structure, earthquake, the situation of groundwater overexploitation andstratum. At the same time, the according prevention and controlling measures are put forward, the results can provide some technological basis for the rational exploitation of local groundwater resources, soil programming and the schemes for preventing and reducing hazards.更多还原