【作者】 王鹏；

【导师】 左川；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 建筑学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 北京单中心聚焦的发展方式,抑制了郊区的合理发展,加剧了区域发展不平衡的状况。而郊区卫星城作为郊区发展的核心,经历了50 多年的建设,其中一些已经具备了良好的产业和人口基础,但仍然没有产生能吸引市区人口和核心功能的反磁力。在2004 年修编完成的《北京城市总体规划(2004-2020)纲要》中,“新城”取代了“卫星城”的提法,通过建设郊区新城促进区域整体发展。本论文研究以文献阅读和实地调研为基础,在人居环境科学的框架下,借鉴了多学科的研究方法;借鉴国内外经验,研究新城与卫星城的区别和理论演进;从分析北京区域空间发展的现实问题入手,回顾和反思北京人口郊区疏散和卫星城建设的历史和现状。本文重点部分基于笔者在顺义进行的为期半年的调研,以顺义区和顺义卫星城为例,分析产业基础较好的卫星城缺乏反磁力的根源。首先,观察城市社会经济发展的整个过程,描述其生长变化的规律并分析影响其发展的因素;从农业社会的社会经济基础和生态承载力出发,回顾顺义工业化和城市化的历史进程和由此引起的经济社会空间的分异和极化;分析卫星城中各种人群的特征,尤其是各主要产业的员工构成及生活习惯;分析目前的第三产业现状,并得出结论:房地产和城市服务等服务业的落后是顺义卫星城缺乏反磁力的主要原因。提出建设经济和社会、人口和产业协调发展的自足性新城的观点。最后总结了顺义卫星城向新城转变的社会目标和动力,以三个笔者参与的项目为例,从宏观到微观各个层次对顺义新城的功能定位、空间布局、发展规模、空间结构等问题提出了具体的建议,并得出一些可供其它新城建设参照的结论。更多还原

【Abstract】 The urban sprawl mode is restraining Beijing suburb from healthy developping. With 50-year-development, some satellite towns, as the cores of Beijing suburb, though have already formed their population and industry basic, have no counter-magnet for hardcore population and functions of Beijing yet. In the new general-planning of Beijing (2004-2020), the concept “satellite town”has been replaced by “New Town”, so as to meet the demand of large-scale urban development in the new century. Based on reference study and investigation, and the frame of Sciences of Human Settlements, the thesis adopts comprehensive analysis and comparative study as methodology. Using both overseas and domestic experience for reference, it starts with analysis on the problems of regional spatial development of Beijing, and reviews the history and status of both the suburbanization of Beijing and satellite towns. The main part of the thesis is a case study of the district of Shunyi and the Shunyi satellite town, as an example of the satellite towns, with good industry foundation. Based on the social and economic basis, it analyses the industrialization and urbanization, then the polarization of economy and society as a result. It also studies the employees of the main industries and their life style, and describes the service industry status at the same time. Finally, the conclusion is drawn that the lack of the service industry of Shunyi has coursed the lack of counter-magnet, and a New Town should balance population and indutry. The thesis concludes with three design examples.It summarizes the motivities behind the changes from Satellite Town to New Town. It also explains the function, scale, structure, and construction of the new towns.更多还原