【作者】 李杨；

【导师】 石冰；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 口腔临床医学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 恢复腭裂患者的正常语音是现代腭裂序列治疗的重要内容之一。目前学者们公认手术治疗和语音治疗是恢复腭裂患者语音功能的两大手段——手术恢复患者的解剖畸形,语音治疗恢复患者的语音功能。语音治疗的基础是能客观、准确地进行语音评价与诊断。临床上常难以准确辨听腭裂患者的喉塞音而影响语音治疗开展。本研究旨在探讨腭裂患者喉塞音的声学特征,期望为临床上正确诊断喉塞音,客观评价语音治疗的效果提供依据。 选择从2004年7月至2005年4月在华西口腔医院唇腭裂外科就诊的男性非综合征型腭裂患者并经由两位专业语音师共同判听确诊存在病理性喉塞音者20名(年龄为3-8岁,平均年龄5-5岁)作为本研究的病例组。对照组随机从2004.7至2005.4在华西口腔医院儿童牙病就诊的男性儿童中选取20名(年龄为4—10岁,平均年龄6.5岁),纳入条件是经由两位专业语音师共同判听并确认无构音异常者。所有受试者均发/(?)iau//pai//t’u/(小白兔),/s(?)//k’γ//p’u//t’au/(四颗葡萄),/tA//ku/(打鼓),/i//k’au//t(?)i//suan/(依靠计算)。运用VS-99语音工作站3.0版对所有受试者的语音进行声学分析,观察患者喉塞音声学特征并与正常对照组相比较。 结果发现患者喉塞音集中出现于舌根塞音/k/、/k’/和舌尖塞音/t/、/t’/,更多还原

【Abstract】 Articulation disorder is quite an important factor that seriously influences the speech of patients with cleft palate after the palatal operations. Glottal stop is one of the compensatory articulations in cleft palate speakers. Clinicians always find it is difficult to identify the glottal stops correctly.So I observed the acoustic characteristics of glottal stops produced by patients with cleft palate and compared them with the normal peers, trying to provide some evidences for clinical diagnosing and treatment.Twenty patients with cleft palate, ranging in age from 3 years old to 8 years old (5.5 years old in average), were chosen from those who coming to the department of cleft lip and palate of the West China Hospital of Stomatology for their first surgery during the period from July in 2004 to April in 2005. They were judged to be glottal-stop-producers by two speech pathologists. The normal peers, ranging in age from 4 years old to 10 years old (6.5 years old in average), were selected from those who coming to the department of dentistry of the West China Hospital of Stomatology during the same period of time. These were judged to be absolutely normal speakers bythe same two speech pathologists. In their own way, all the children were asked to produce following sounds: /ciau/ /pai/ /t’u/; /s(?)/ /k’r/ /p’u/ /t’au/; /tA//ku/; /i/ /k’au/ /tci/ /suan/. Then the speech spectroanalysis and the comparisonwere performed by one investigator.Complex results were found. The acoustic characteristics of glottal stops change a lot when they substitute or accompany with different oral stops. 1 .the emergence of spikes: (1) no spike is found where it should be; (2) an abnormal spike exists in unexpected place; (3) more spikes appear when there is a double articulation. 2.changes of voice onset time: (1) obviously shortened when a glottal stop substitutes an oral stop; (2) when a glottal stop goes with an oral one, the time maybe normal or prolonged. 3. The formant transitions of the patients are quite different from those of the normal peers: the changed locus rises to a level above 3000Hz. 4.spetroanalysis of spikes: the central frequency and the lowest frequency of the concentrated frequency area decrease; heavier energy and new concentrated frequency area appear at a lower frequency level.Above all, we found the acoustic changes of glottal stops are very complicated. We have to consider in every single aspects of acoustic analysis to identify it.更多还原