【作者】 徐静；

【导师】 梁传余；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 耳鼻咽喉科学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:对183例学龄前儿童进行听力筛查,达到早期发现耳部疾患及听力损失,早期治疗和干预,同时探讨学龄前儿童听力筛查的运作方式。 方法:采取对183例年龄为2～6岁学龄前儿童（男生93例,女生90例）进行耳部疾患,听力损失筛查。具体环节包括耳部情况查体（是否存在耳部解剖畸形,耳前瘘管）,耳镜检查（是否存在外耳道炎症,鼓膜穿孔,鼓膜积液征）,游戏纯音测听（4岁以上的儿童测试）,瞬态诱发耳声发射,声导抗测试。声导抗(峰值处补偿静态声导纳Y_tm,外耳道等效容积V_ec)筛查通过标准参照钱芝瑞,窦训武,郝建平1995年正常学前期儿童声导抗分析研究结果,纯音测听筛查通过标准及筛查程序参照1996年美国科罗拉多州儿童听力损失和耳部疾患筛查方法进行。筛查采用3阶段的方法,初筛、复筛、随访。没有通过筛查的学龄前儿童于3周后进行听力学诊断性评估,并在确诊之后给予干预措施。 结果:183例接受听力筛查的学龄前儿童中,初筛时纯音测听的通过率77%,瞬态诱发耳声发射的通过率84.7%,声导抗的通过率78.7%,其中有68例学龄前儿童未通过初筛,需要参加复筛。复筛时纯音测听的通过更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: This study was designed to determine the incidence of hearing loss and ear disorders in a kindergarten and to assess the feasibility of preschool hearing screening.Methods: Ear disorders and hearing loss screening were carried out bymeans of ear inspection,otoscopic inspection, pure tone audiometry screening, TEOAE , immittance screening.Screening procedures and pure tone passing criteria were according to Colorado early childhood hearing screening guidelines.Tympanometry screening criteria was based upon the research of tympanometry norms for preschool children by qian zhirui,dou xunwu& hao jianping(1995). Screening was three phases, the first screen ,the follow-up screen and the follow-up check-up.Children failing the screening were to have diagnostic hearing testing after 3 weeks and timely intervention was given to children who had hearing loss or ear disorders.Results: A totol number of 183 preschool children were taken part in ear disorders and hearing loss screening.In the first screen , the passing rate for pure tone was 77%, TEOAE 84.7%,Tympanometry 78.7%.68 preschool children failed in the first screen were informed to attend the follow up screen.In the follow up screen,the passing rate for pure tone was41.9%,TEOAE 32.1%,Tympanometry 35.9%.Of 39 cases who failed in follow up screen,25 cases had normal diagnostic hearing evaluation ,3 cases were missing, 11 cases were diagnosed to have hearing loss and/or ear disorder.Of 11 cases, 5(2.7%) children were found to have a sensonneural hearing loss,4 (2.2%) children were found to have the ear disease of otitis media ,2(1.1%) children were found to have the ear disease of impacted cerumen, 5(2.7%) children were found to have a conductive hearing loss due to otitis media and impacted cerumen.Children who had otitis media or impacted cerumen were referred to ENT department,children who had moderate or profound sensorineural hearing loss were wearing hearing aids.Conclusion: The incidence of ear disorder and hearing loss in preschoolchildren is highland preschool hearing screening is necessary and feasible ,but still needs the growing body of related literature supporting the feasibility.Preschool children hearing loss can be identified early in order to be provided timely intervention earlier.preschool children;sensorineural hearing loss;更多还原